Hmong English Txoj Cai Lij Choj ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas. The Constitution of the United States.

Txoj Cai Lij Choj ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas.	The Constitution of the United States.
Peb yog Tsoomfwv Tsoomfwv Meskas, txhawm rau txhim tsa ib lub Koomhaum zoo dua ntxiv, tsim Kev Ncaj Ncees, tuav pov hwm kev tsim txom hauv tsev, muab rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig , txhawb kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo, thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm Blessings of Liberty rau peb tus kheej thiab peb cov Posterity, ua tsa thiab tsim txoj cai tswj hwm no rau hauv Tsoomfwv Meskas.	We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Nqe I.	Article I.
Feem. 1.	Section. 1.
Txhua lub chaw tsim cai lij choj uas tau tso cai hauv no yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv Pawg Sab Laj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, uas yuav tsum muaj Senat e thiab Tsev Neeg Sawv Cev.	All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Feem. 2.	Section. 2.
Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Pawg yuav tsum yog Cov Tswv Cuab xaiv tau txhua xyoo thib ob los ntawm Cov Tib Neeg ntawm ntau lub Xeev, thiab Cov Neeg Xaiv Tsa hauv txhua lub Xeev yuav tsum muaj Cov Tsim Nyog rau Cov Neeg Xaiv Tsa ntawm Feem Ntau Cov Npe ntawm Txoj Cai Lub Xeev.	The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.
Tsis Muaj Ib Tus Neeg yuav tsum yog Tus Sawv Cev uas yuav tsum tsis muaj hnub nyoog nees nkaum tsib xyoos, thiab yog xya xyoo ntawm Neeg Xam Xaj Asmeskas, thiab tus uas yuav tsis raug xaiv, yog Tus Neeg Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Lub Xeev uas nws yuav raug xaiv Cov.	No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
Cov sawv cev thiab cov se ncaj qha yuav tsum tau txiav txim rau ob peb lub xeev uas yuav suav nrog hauv Union no, raws li lawv tus lej, uas yuav txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ntxiv rau tag nrho Cov Neeg Pub Dawb, suav nrog cov uas yuav ua haujlwm rau Lub Sijhawm Xyoo, thiab tsis suav cov Neeg Khab tsis raug them se, peb thib tsib ntawm tag nrho Lwm Cov Neeg. Lub sij enumeration yuav tsum ua tsis pub dhau peb xyoo tom qab thawj zaug sib tham ntawm lub Congress ntawm lub tebchaws United States, thiab rau hauv txhua txhua tom ntej Lub sij hawm ntawm kaum xyoo, nyob rau hauv xws Yam raws li lawv yuav tsum los ntawm txoj cai lij choj nyiaj tso ncaj. Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Tus Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj ib zaug rau peb caug txhiab leej, tab sis txhua lub Xeev yuav tsum muaj Ib Leeg Sawv Cev; thiab kom txog thaum suav sau tiav tas, Lub Xeev New Hampshire yuav tsum muaj cai chuse peb, Massachusetts yim, Rhode-Island thiab Providence Plantations ib, Connecticut tsib, New-York rau, New Jersey plaub, Pennsylvania yim, Delaware ib, Maryland rau, Virginia kaum, North Carolina tsib, South Carolina tsib, thiab Georgia peb.	Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.
Thaum muaj chaw seem nyob hauv Cov Neeg Sawv Cev los ntawm Lwm Lub Xeev, Cov Txwj Laus Tswj Haujlwm yuav tsum muab Cov Ntawv Xaiv Tsa los sau qhov haujlwm ntawd.	When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.
Tus Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Tsev Loj yuav lawb lawv Cov Lus thiab lwm tus Tub Ceev Xwm; thiab yuav tsum yog Lub Hwj Chim Tseem Ceeb xwb.	The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.
Feem. 3.	Section. 3.
Lub Senate ntawm lub tebchaws United States yuav tsum muaj li ntawm 2 Senator los ntawm txhua lub Xeev, xaiv los ntawm lub koomhaum Raug Cai Raws Cai, rau rau xyoo; thiab txhua tus Senator yuav tsum muaj Ib Pov Ntawv Pov Ntawv.	The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.
Tom qab lawv yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke ntawm Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Kev Xaiv Tsa Thawj Zaug, lawv yuav raug faib kom sib txig sib luag yam muaj li hauv peb Chav Kawm. Lub rooj ntawm lub Koom Haum Qub ntawm chav kawm thib ib yuav tsum tawm mus thaum lub sijhawm tag sijhawm ntawm xyoo thib ob, ntawm chav kawm thib ob thaum lub sijhawm tag sijhawm ntawm plaub lub xyoo, thiab ntawm chav kawm thib peb ntawm lub sijhawm tas mus lawm ntawm xyoo rau, uas yog li ib feem peb raug xaiv txhua Xyoo Thib Ob; thiab yog tias Cov Kev Tuaj Txawv Tebchaws tshwm sim los ntawm Kev Tshawb Tawm, lossis lwm yam, thaum lub sijhawm Recess of the Legislature of any state, tus Thawj Coj yuav tau teem caij mus ib ntus txog thaum Lub Rooj Sib Tham Tom ntej	Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.
Tsis muaj Ib Tus Neeg twg yuav yog ib tug Senator uas yuav tsum tsis muaj hnub nyoog txog 30 xyoo, thiab tau cuaj xyoos yog Neeg Xam Xaj Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, thiab leej twg yuav tsis tau, thaum raug xaiv los ua Tus Neeg Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Lub Xeev uas nws yuav raug xaiv.	No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.
Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas yuav yog Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, tab sis yuav tsis muaj Vote, tshwj tsis yog lawv muaj kev sib txig sib luag .	The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.
Lub Senate yuav chuse lawv lwm cov tub ceev xwm, thiab tseem yuav ua tus Thawj Tswj Hwm tus huab tais, nyob hauv Tus Thawj Pwm Tsav, lossis thaum nws yuav tsum yog Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Tebchaws Meskas.	The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.
Lub Senate yuav tsum muaj lub hwj chim los sim txhua qhov Kev Cog Lus. Thaum zaum rau lub Hom Phiaj ntawd, lawv yuav tsum nyob rau Kev Cog Lus los yog Kev lees paub. Thaum Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas raug sim, Tus Thawj Coj Kev Ncaj Ncees yuav:: Thiab Tsis muaj Ib Tus Neeg yuav raug txim yam tsis muaj lub txim ob feem peb ntawm Cov Tswv Cuab tam sim no.	The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.
Cov Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Cov Tub Rog yuav tsis txuas ntxiv tshaj qhov raug tshem tawm ntawm Chaw Haujlwm, thiab kev tsis tsim nyog los tuav thiab txaus siab rau Lub Chaw Haujlwm ntawm kev hwm, ntseeg lossis tau nyiaj tau los hauv Tebchaws Meskas: thiab Puni shment, raws li Txoj Cai.	Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
Feem. 4.	Section. 4.
Lub Sij Hawm, Thaj Chaw thiab Txheej Txheem ntawm Kev Xaiv Tsa Rau Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Nroog thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev, yuav tsum yog kws kho nyob rau hauv txhua lub Xeev los ntawm Tus Txheej Txheem Raws Cai; tab sis cov Congress yuav nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm los ntawm txoj cai lij choj tsim lossis hloov txoj cai li no, tshwj tsis yog nyob rau hauv Cov Chaw ntawm chusing Senators.	The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators.
Cov Congress yuav tsum sib sau tsawg kawg ib zaug nyob rau txhua txhua Xyoo, thiab Cov Rooj Sib Tham yuav tsum yog thawj hnub Monday hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis, tshwj tsis yog lawv yuav tsum muaj txoj cai lij choj sib txawv hnub.	The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day.
Feem. 5.	Section. 5.
Txhua lub tsev yuav yog tus txiav txim plaub ntawm Kev Xaiv Tsa, Rov Qab thiab Cov Peev Xwm ntawm nws tus Tswv Cuab, thiab Feem Ntau ntawm txhua tus yuav los ua ib pawg Neeg los ua lag luam; tab sis ib tus lej tsawg dua yuav ncua ib hnub rau ib hnub, thiab yuav raug tso cai yuam tus Neeg Tuaj Koom uas tsis tuaj, hauv Manner, thiab raws li Cov Kev Rau Txim xws li txhua lub tsev yuav muab.	Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Txhua lub tsev yuav txiav txim Cov Kab Ke ntawm nws Kev Hais Plaub Ntug, rau txim rau nws Cov Tswv Cuab rau kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo , thiab, nrog rau qhov sib cav ntawm ob feem peb, raug ntiab tawm Tus Tswv Cuab.	Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.
Txhua lub tsev yuav tsum sau phau ntawv Journal ntawm nws Kev Hais Plaub, thiab qee lub sijhawm los tshaj tawm tib yam, tshwj qee Cov Ntu uas yuav muaj nyob hauv lawv Kev Txiav Txim Siab yuav tsum ua kom zais; thiab Yeas thiab Nays ntawm Cov Tswvcuab ntawm ib lub tsev twg rau ib nqe lus nug twg yuav tsum, nyob ntawm qhov xav ntawm ib feem tsib ntawm Cov Tamsim no, nkag mus rau ntawm phau ntawv Journal.	Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.
Neb ob lub tsev, nyob rau hauv Rooj Sab Laj ntawm Pawg Neeg Tswj Haujlwm, yuav tsum, yam tsis muaj Kev Tso Cai ntawm lwm tus, muab lub sijhawm ncua mus ntev dua peb hnub, lossis tsis muaj ib qho chaw twg li uas nws muaj ob lub tsev yuav tau zaum.	Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
Feem. 6.	Section. 6.
Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Pov Hwm thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tau txais Cov Nyiaj Txiag rau lawv Cov Kev Pab Cuam, kom yuav tsum tau ua raws li Txoj Cai, thiab tau them nyiaj los ntawm Tsoomfwv Saib Xyuas Txhab Nyiaj Txiag. Lawv yuav tsum nyob hauv txhua kis, tshwj tsis yog Treason, Felony thiab Kev Ua txhaum ntawm Kev Thaj Yeeb, yuav tau txais txoj cai los ntawm Ntes Thaum Lub Sijhawm Tuaj Kawm Ntawv ntawm lawv lub tsev nyob, thiab hauv mus thiab rov qab los ntawm qhov qub; thiab rau ib qho Kev Hais Lus lossis Sib Cav hauv ib lub Tsev, lawv yuav tsis raug nug hauv lwm qhov chaw.	The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.
Tsis Senator los yog Tus Sawv Cev yuav, thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm rau cov uas nws tau raug xaiv los, yuav tsa rau tej civil chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Authority hauv lub tebchaws United States, uas yuav tsum tau tsim, los yog cov Emoluments whereof yuav tau encreased thaum lub sij hawm tej lub sij hawm; thiab Tsis Muaj Ib Tus Neeg twg uas tuav chaw haujlwm nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, yuav tsum yog Ib Tus Tswv Cuab ntawm ib lub tsev ob lub suab sib txuas nws Qhov Chaw Ua Haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus.	No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.
Feem. 7. Peb muaj 7.	Section. 7.
Txhua Cov Nqi rau sau Cov Nyiaj Tau Los yuav tsum yog los hauv tsev Tus Neeg Sawv Cev; tab sis lub Senate thiaj li hais tawm lossis ua ke nrog Cov Ntawv Hloov kho ntxiv rau lwm cov nqi.	All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
Txhua nqe Ntawv uas yuav tsum tau dhau los ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Tsev Qib Siab thiab The Senate, yuav tsum, ua ntej nws dhau los ua Txoj Cai, yuav tsum tshaj tawm rau tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Asmeskas; Yog tias nws pom zoo nws yuav kos npe, tab sis yog tias tsis yog nws yuav xa rov qab, nrog nws Kev Tshawb Fawb mus rau lub tsev uas nws yuav tawm los, leej twg yuav tsum tau tawm tsam qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm lawv phau ntawv Journal, thiab rov qab los saib dua. Yog tias tom qab xam pom dua zaum ob feem peb ntawm Lub Tsev ntawd yuav tsum pom zoo kom ua tiav Tsab Ntawv, nws yuav raug xa mus , nrog rau Cov Kev tsis pom zoo, mus rau lwm lub Tsev, uas nws yuav tau rov xav dua, thiab yog tias pom zoo los ntawm ob feem peb ntawm lub Tsev ntawd, yuav dhau los ua Txoj Cai. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub no Kev Xaiv Tsa ntawm ob lub tsev yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm yeas thiab Nays, thiab Cov Npe ntawm Cov Neeg yuav xaiv tsa rau thiab tawm tsam Tsab Cai yuav tsum sau rau hauv phau ntawv Journal ntawm txhua lub tsev. Yog tias ib daim nqi twg yuav tsis tau rov qab los ntawm Thawj Kav Tebchaws nyob hauv kaum Hnub (Hnub Sunday tshwj tsis yog) tom qab nws yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm rau nws, tib yam yuav yog Txoj Cai, xws li Manner zoo li yog tias nws tau kos npe rau, tshwj tsis yog Pawg Congress los ntawm lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv. nws Rov qab los, Nyob rau kis twg nws yuav tsis yog Txoj Cai.	Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
Txhua Daim Ntawv Txheeb, Daws Teeb Meem, lossis Cov Ntawv Xaiv Tsa uas Lub Rooj Sib Tham ntawm Senate thiab House of Representatives yuav tsim nyog (tshwj tsis yog rau ib nqe lus nug ntawm Adjournment) yuav tsum muab tshaj tawm rau Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws; thiab ua ntej Tib Leeg yuav siv Lub Hom Phiaj, yuav pom zoo los ntawm nws, lossis tsis raug pom zoo los ntawm nws, yuav tsum raug muab ob feem peb ntawm Senate thiab House of Representative, raws li cov Kev Cai thiab Cov Kev Cai uas tau teev tseg rau hauv Cov Nqe Ntawm Cov Nqi.	Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
Feem. 8. 8.	Section. 8.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los teeb thiab sau cov se, Cov haujlwm, kev cuam tshuam thiab kev lom zem, kom them Cov nuj nqis thiab muab rau Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Feem Kev Nyab Xeeb ntawm Tebchaws Meskas; tab sis Tag Nrho Cov Luag Haujlwm, Cov Khoom Plig thiab Cov Kev Zoo Siab yuav tsum zoo sib xws thoob plaws Tebchaws Meskas;	The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
Los qiv qev Nyiaj rau Tebchaws Meskas;	To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;
Los tswj kev ua lag luam nrog cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws, thiab nrog rau ntau lub xeev, thiab nrog cov Pab pawg neeg Qhab;	To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj Rho Kev Ris Qauv ntawm Kev Ua Neej Zoo Li Ntaw, thiab Cov Kev Cai Sib Txawv Hais txog ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam Kev Ua Lag Luam thoob plaws Tebchaws Meskas;	To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
Txhawm rau kis nyiaj, tswj tus nqi ntawd, thiab ntawm Npib Txawv Teb Chaws, thiab txhim kho tus Txheej Txheem ntawm Kev hnyav thiab ntsuas kev ua haujlwm;	To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
Txhawm rau Ua Kev Txhaum Cai ntawm Kev Muab Nyiaj Dag ntxias Tam Sim No thiab Lub Tuam Txhab Tam Sim No.	To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;
Los tsim Chaw Haujlwm Tom Ntej thiab tom qab Kev;	To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
Txhawm rau Txhawb Txoj Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab cov txiaj ntsig uas muaj txiaj ntsig, los ntawm kev saib xyuas Lub Sijhawm Txwv rau Cov Ntawv Sau thiab Txoj Cai Txoj Cai rau lawv txoj cai sau thiab tshawb pom ;	To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
Yuav kom roos tribunals tsis tau zoo tus zoo tshaj plaws tsev hais plaub;	To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;
Txhawm rau txhais thiab rau txim txhaum Piracies thiab Felonies ua txhaum rau qhov Seas siab siab, thiab Kev Ua Phem Rau Txoj Cai ntawm Lub Tebchaws ;	To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;
Txheeb Kev Ua Tsov Rog, muab Cov Ntawv ntawm Marque thiab Reprisal, thiab tsim Cov Cai Hais Txog Kev Txais Cov Av thiab Dej ;	To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
Txhawm rau kom txhawb nqa thiab txhawb pab tub rog, tab sis tsis muaj Kev Npaj Txais Nyiaj rau Txoj Kev Siv Yuav Tsum Siv rau Lub Sijhawm Ntev mus ntev dua ob xyoos ;	To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
Txhawm rau los muab thiab tswj hwm Pawg Tub Rog;	To provide and maintain a Navy;
Txhawm rau Ua Cov Cai rau Tsoomfwv thiab Cov Cai ntawm Thaj Av thiab Cov Av;	To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
Txhawm rau npaj hu rau Militia kom ua rau Txoj Cai Ntawm Lub Koomhaum, txwv cov Kev Ntxaug Ntxub thiab Rov Ua Kev Zoo ;	To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
Txhawm rau muab kev koom ua ke, kev coj tus, thiab kev qhuab qhia, Militia, thiab rau kev tswj hwm Ib feem ntawm lawv raws li tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv Kev Pabcuam ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, tshwj tseg rau Tebchaws Asmeskas feem, Kev teem caij rau cov tub ceev xwm, thiab Txoj Cai ntawm kev cob qhia Militia raws li txoj kev qhuab qhia sau los ntawm Congress;	To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
Yuav tsum siv Kev Cai Lij Choj tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov kev hais plaub, dhau ntawm Hauv Paus Tsev Kawm Ntawv no (tsis pub tshaj kaum Mais square) raws li, ntawm Cession ntawm cov xeev tshwj xeeb, thiab kev lees paub ntawm Congress, los ua Lub Rooj ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas, thiab siv kev cai zoo li hla txhua qhov chaw uas tau yuav los ntawm Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Cov Thawj Kav Xwm ntawm Lub Xeev uas tib Qhov yuav tsum yog, rau Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Forts, Cov Ntawv Tshawb Xyuas, Arsenals, chaw nres nkoj-yards, thiab lwm cov tsev tsim nyog;	To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;—And
Ua kom txhua txoj Kev Cai uas yuav tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog los coj Lub Luag Haujlwm uas tau hais ua ntej, thiab tag nrho lwm lub zog uas tso cai los ntawm tsab cai no hauv Tsoomfwv Meskas, lossis hauv ib Lub Chaw Haujlwm lossis Lub Chaw Haujlwm.	To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Feem. 9. 9.	Section. 9.
Kev Tsiv Teb Tsaws Chaw lossis Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm cov tib neeg uas ib lub xeev tam sim no yuav tsum xav tias tsim nyog lees paub, yuav tsis raug txwv los ntawm Congress ua ntej Lub Xyoo ib txhiab yim pua ​​yim, tab sis Cov se lossis lub luag haujlwm yuav raug yuam rau qhov kev Siv, tsis pub tshaj kaum duas las rau Txhua Tus Neeg.	The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person.
Cov cai tshwj xeeb ntawm Cov Ntawv Sau Tseg ntawm Habeas Corpus yuav tsis raug tshem tawm , tshwj tsis yog thaum Caim Foob Los Tsis Pub Ntxaws lossis Kev Nyab Xeeb txoj cai pej xeem yuav xav kom ua.	The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.
Tsis muaj ib daim nqi ntawm tus kws zov menyuam lossis tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj txuas ntxiv .	No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.
Tsis Muaj Daim Ntawv Qhia, lossis lwm yam ncaj qha, Yuav tsum tau them se, tshwj tsis yog nyob rau hauv Kev Suav rau Kev Suav Neeg los yog kev suav ntawm no ua ntej kev coj.	No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.
Tsis muaj se lossis Duty yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm Cov Khoom Uas tau xa tawm los ntawm lub Xeev.	No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.
Tsis Muaj Lwm Txoj Kev Nyiam yuav muab los ntawm Ib Txoj Cai Kev Ua Lag Luam lossis Chaw Tau Nyiaj los rau Chaw Nkoj ntawm ib lub Xeev dhau ntawm lwm qhov: yuav tsis pub Nkag mus rau, lossis los ntawm, Ib Lub Xeev, yuam rau nkag, ntshiab, lossis them Cov Luag Haujlwm rau lwm qhov.	No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
Tsis muaj Nyiaj yuav tsum tau kos los ntawm Txhab Nyiaj Txiag, tab sis Hauv Qhov Teeb Meem ntawm Kev Pom Zoo los ntawm Txoj Cai; thiab Cov Lus Cog Tseg thiab Cov Ntawv Teev Tseg ntawm Cov Nyiaj Tau Los Siv thiab Kev Siv Nyiaj ntawm tsoomfwv Cov Nyiaj Txhua Tus yuav muab tshaj tawm ib lub sijhawm.	No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.
Tsis muaj Lub Npe ntawm Kev Muaj Peev Xwm yuav tsum tau pom zoo los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas: Thiab tsis muaj Ib Tus Neeg twg uas muaj Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tau Txais lossis Ntseeg Cia rau hauv lawv, yuav tsum, tsis muaj Kev Tso Cai ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev, lees txais ib qho tam sim no, Emolument, Lub Chaw Haujlwm lossis Title, ntawm ib yam dab tsi txawm tias , los ntawm ib tug King, Prince, lossis txawv tebchaws.	No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State.
Feem. 10.	Section. 10.
Tsis muaj ib lub Xeev twg yuav tsum tau nkag rau hauv Daim Ntawv Cog Lus txhua tus, Kev Koom Tes, lossis Kev Koom Tes; tso Cov Ntawv ntawm Marque thiab Reprisal; npib Nyiaj; emit Cov Ntawv Txais Nyiaj; ua ib Yam Dab tsi tab sis kub thiab nyiaj Npib Nyiaj Txiag hauv Kev Them Nqi; tshaj ib daim nqi ntawm Attainder, ex post facto Txoj Cai, lossis Txoj Cai uas cuam tshuam Kev Cog Lus ntawm Daim Ntawv Cog Lus, lossis muab cov Nyiaj Muaj Npe.	No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
Tsis muaj lub Xeev yuav tsum, yog tsis muaj Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo ntawm Pawg Neeg Tawm Tsam, teeb ib qho Cuam Tshuam los yog Cov Luag Haujlwm ntawm Kev Nkag Khoom lossis Tshaj Tawm, tshwj tsis yog dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag rau kev ua nws txoj cai tshuaj ntsuam: thiab net Tsim Txhua Yam haujlwm thiab cuam tshuam, nteg los ntawm ib lub Xeev ntawm Kev Siv lossis Cov khoom xa tawm, yuav tsum yog siv Nyiaj Txiag Tebchaws Asmeskas; thiab txhua tsab cai lij choj ntawd yuav tsum raug saib xyuas thiab Txhim Kho Pawg Ntseeg.	No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress.
Tsis muaj Lub Xeev yuav tsum, yog tsis muaj Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo ntawm Congress, ntov ib qho haujlwm ntawm Tonnage, khaws cov Tub Rog, lossis Cov Nkoj Nkoj ntawm cov rog thaum lub sijhawm muaj Kev Thaj Yeeb, nkag mus rau hauv Daim Ntawv Cog Lus lossis Kev Cog Lus nrog rau lwm lub Xeev, lossis nrog lub hwjchim txawv teb chaws, lossis koom rau hauv Kev Ua Rog, tshwj tsis yog yeej invaded, los yog nyob rau hauv xws li txaus ntshai Danger li yuav tsis lees ntawm qeeb.	No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.
Tshooj lus. II.	Article. II.
Feem. 1.	Section. 1.
Tus Thawj Fwm Ua Haujlwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Tebchaws Meskas. Nws yuav tsum tuav nws txoj haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm plaub lub xyoos, thiab, nrog tus Lwm Thawj Coj, raug xaiv rau tib Lub Sijhawm, raug xaiv, raws li hauv qab no	The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows
Txhua lub xeev yuav tsum xaiv, tus yam ntxwv raws li Pawg Neeg Thawj Coj loj muaj peev xwm taw qhia, Tus Neeg Xaiv Tsa, sib npaug rau tag nrho Cov Nom Tswv thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev uas Lub Xeev yuav muaj cai nyob hauv Congress: tab sis tsis muaj ib tug Neeg Pov Hwm lossis Tus Sawv Cev, lossis Tus Neeg Sawv Cev Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Cov Nyiaj Txiag lossis Chaw Tau Nyiaj Txiag hauv Tebchaws Meskas, yuav tsum raug xaiv tsa ua Tus Xaiv Haujlwm.	Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector.
Cov Neeg Xaiv Tsa yuav tsum sib ntsib hauv lawv cov xeev, thiab pov ntawv xaiv tsa rau ob tus Neeg, uas tsawg kawg ib tug yuav tsum tsis yog Tus Neeg Tseem Ceeb Hauv Xeev nrog lawv tus kheej. Thiab lawv yuav tsum ua cov npe ntawm txhua Tus Neeg Xaiv Tsa rau, thiab Tus Naj Npawb Xaiv Tsa rau txhua tus; cov ntawv no lawv yuav kos npe thiab muab ntawv pov thawj, thiab xa cov ntawv sib khi rau Lub Rooj Tsoom Fwv ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas, qhia rau Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Thawj Kav Tebchaws. Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum, nyob rau ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab thiab Tsev Neeg sawv cev, qhib tag nrho Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj, thiab Kev Xaiv Tsa yuav tau suav. Tus Neeg Muaj Cov Xaiv Tsa ntau tshaj yuav tsum yog tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, yog tias Tus lej yuav yog ib feem coob ntawm cov Xam Xaj xaiv tsa tag nrho; thiab yog hais tias muaj ntau tshaj ib tug neeg muaj xws Feem ntau, thiab muaj vaj huam sib luag Number ntawm Votes, ces lub tsev ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tam sim ntawd chuse los ntawm Daim Ntawv Xaiv Tsa ib tug ntawm lawv rau Thawj Tswj Hwm; thiab yog tias tsis muaj Ib Tus Neeg Muaj Feem Feem Ntau, tom qab ntawd los ntawm tsib tus neeg siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Daim Ntawv Teev Npe lub tsev yuav tsum nyob hauv zoo li Manner chuse Thawj Tswj Hwm. Tab sis hauv kev chusing Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, Cov Pov Ntawv Tawm Suab yuav tsum yog cov Tsoom Fwv, Kev Sawv Cev los ntawm txhua lub Xeev muaj Ib Lub Pov Ntawv; Pawg neeg rau Cov Hom Phiaj no yuav tsum muaj Cov Tswvcuab lossis Cov Tswvcuab ntawm ob feem peb ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, thiab Feem ntau ntawm txhua lub Xeev yuav tsum tsim nyog rau Txoj Kev Xaiv. Hauv Txhua kis, Tomqab Tomqab Xaiv Tus Thawjcoj, Tus Tib Neeg Muaj Cov Xaiv Tsa ntau tshaj yog tus Thawj Coj yuav los. Tab sis yog tias yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ob lossis ntau dua tus uas muaj Kev Xaiv Tsa sib luag, Senate yuav tsum chuse los ntawm lawv los ntawm Kev Xaiv Tsa Tus Lwm Thawj.	The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner chuse the President. But in chusing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State having one Vote; A quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice President.
Cov Congress yuav txiav txim rau lub sij hawm ntawm chusing lub xaiv tsa, thiab lub hnub nyob rau hauv uas lawv yuav tsum muab lawv cov Votes ; Hnub ntawd yuav zoo ib yam nyob thoob tebchaws Meskas.	The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.
Tsis muaj Ib tus Neeg twg tshwj tsis yog ib tus neeg xam xaj yug dua tshiab, lossis Neeg Xam Xaj Asmeskas, thaum lub sijhawm txais yuav los ntawm tsab cai no, yuav tsum muaj cai mus rau Lub Chaw Haujlwm Thawj Kav Tebchaws; thiab ib Tus Neeg twg yuav tsis muaj feem rau qhov Chaw Haujlwm uas tsis muaj hnub nyoog txog peb caug tsib xyoos, thiab muaj kaum plaub Xyoo Ib Tus Neeg nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas.	No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.
Thaum raug tshem tawm ntawm Thawj Kav Tebchaws los ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm, lossis ntawm nws Txoj Kev Tuag, Txoj Cai, lossis Lub Cev Tsis Muaj Peev Xwm tso cai rau Lub Chaw Haujlwm tau hais tawm, tibyam yuav tsum tso cai rau Tus Lwm Thawj Coj, thiab Pawg Neeg Sab Laj yuav los ntawm Txoj Cai los muab rau Rooj Plaub ntawm Kev Tshem Tawm, Tuag, Tawm haujlwm lossis tsis muaj peev xwm, ob tus Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj, tshaj tawm hais tias Dab Tsi Tus Thawj Coj yuav ua Tus Thawj Coj, thiab Tus Thawj Coj yuav tsum ua raws, kom txog thaum Lub Cev Tsis Taus raug tshem tawm, lossis Tus Thawj Coj yuav raug xaiv.	In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.
Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum tau txais rau nws Cov Kev Pab, Them Nyiaj, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muab lub txim rau lossis tsis ploj mus nyob rau Lub Sij Hawm uas nws tau raug xaiv, thiab nws yuav tsis tau txais nyob rau Lub Sijhawm twg los ntawm lwm lub Emolument los ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas, lossis ib qho ntawm lawv.	The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be encreased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.
Ua ntej nws nkag mus rau Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm nws Lub Chaw Haujlwm, nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li Cov Lus Cog Tseg lossis Kev Cog Lus: - "Kuv cog lus cog lus (lossis lees tias) tias kuv yuav rau siab ua haujlwm rau Lub Chaw Haujlwm ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas, thiab yuav ua rau kuv zoo tshaj plaws. Muaj peev xwm, khaws cia, pov hwm thiab tiv thaiv thiab los tiv thaiv kevcai lij choj ntawm tebchaws Meskas. "	Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation: —"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."
Feem. 2.	Section. 2.
Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum ua Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Thawj Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, thiab ntawm Militia ntawm ntau lub xeev, thaum raug hu mus rau hauv Lub Tebchaws Asmeskas Cov Kev Pabcuam; nws yuav xav kom muaj Kev Pom Zoo, sau ua ntaub ntawv, ntawm tus Thawj Xib Fwb ntawm txhua tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm, raws li ib qho Kev txuam nrog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lawv cov Chaw Haujlwm, thiab nws yuav muaj lub hwj chim pub rov qab thiab zam lub txim rau Tebchaws Asmeskas, tshwj tsis yog Hauv Kev Raug Yuam Cai.	The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.
Nws yuav tsum muaj lub hwj chim, los ntawm thiab nrog Cov Lus Qhia thiab Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Senate, los ua Cov Lus Cog Tseg, muab ob feem peb ntawm Senator tam sim no concur; thiab nws yuav yog tus xaiv, thiab los ntawm thiab nrog Pab Tawm Tswv Yim thiab Tso Cai, yuav xaiv tus Thawj Tub Rog, lwm tus nom tswv Nom Tswv, thiab Tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm, thiab txhua tus tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws United States, uas lawv tau teem sijhawm tsis nyob rau hauv no , thiab uas yuav raug tsim los ntawm Txoj Cai: tab sis Cov Congress yuav tuaj ntawm Txoj Cai los xaiv tsa cov tub ceev xwm uas ua tsis tau zoo, raws li lawv xav tias tsim nyog, hauv Thawj Tswj Hwm ib leeg, hauv tsev hais plaub ntawm Txoj Cai, lossis hauv Cov Thawj.	He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.
Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum muaj lub hwj chim los ua kom tiav tag nrho Cov Kev Tawm Suab uas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm Recess ntawm Senate, los ntawm kev tso cai cov lus cog tseg uas yuav tag rau thaum Kawg ntawm lawv Lub Rooj Sib Tham tom ntej.	The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.
Feem. 3.	Section. 3.
Nws yuav tsum qee lub sijhawm qhia rau Cov Ntaub Ntawv Xov Xwm ntawm Lub Xeev, thiab pom zoo rau lawv cov Kev Txiav Txim xws li Kev Ntsuas uas nws yuav txiav txim rau qhov tsim nyog thiab ceev; tej zaum nws yuav, nyob rau ntau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, sab laj ob lub tsev, lossis ib qho ntawm lawv, thiab Ntawm Qhov Kev Tawm Tsam Tsis Pom Zoo ntawm lawv, nrog rau Hwm Lub Sijhawm ntawm Hnub Kawg, nws yuav hais rau lawv kom ncua sijhawm li nws yuav xav tias tsim nyog; nws yuav tau txais Ambassadors thiab lwm tus neeg lis haujlwm ntawm nom tswv; nws yuav ua tus saib xyuas tias Txoj Cai Lij Choj tau raug tua ncaj ncees, thiab Yuav Tsa Tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas.	He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.
Feem. 4.	Section. 4.
Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj thiab txhua tus neeg lis haujlwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees rau, thiab Kev Rau Txim rau, Kev Ua Phem, Kev Dag Cib, lossis lwm yam kev txhaum loj thiab kev ua txhaum cai.	The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
Nqe III.	Article III.
Feem. 1.	Section. 1.
Kev txiav txim plaub Lub Hwjchim ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, yuav tau muab tso rau hauv Ib Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab, thiab hauv Cov Tsev Hais Plaub Me uas tsis zoo xws li Pawg Sab Laj yuav los ntawm qee lub sijhawm thiab tsim tsa. Lub tsev hais plaub, ob lub tsev hais plaub zoo tshaj, thiab cov tsev hais plaub qis, yuav tau tuav lawv cov chav lis haujlwm thaum coj tus cwjpwm zoo , thiab thaum lub sijhawm tau hais tseg, yuav tau txais rau lawv Cov Kev Pabcuam, Cov Nyiaj Txiag, uas yuav tsis raug ploj thaum lawv Lub Chaw Haujlwm txuas ntxiv.	The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
Feem. 2.	Section. 2.
Lub zog tswj fwm yuav tsum nthuav tawm rau txhua kis, hauv Txoj Cai Lij Choj thiab Kev Muaj Vaj Huam Sib Luag, tshwm sim los ntawm tsab cai no, Tsoomfwv Meskas Txoj Cai lij choj, thiab Cov Lus Cog Tseg ua, lossis uas yuav tsum ua, raws li lawv Txoj Cai; thiab Cov Kev Cuam Tshuam; -Txoj kev tsis sib haum ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsoomfwv txoj cai hauv dej hiav txwv;-rau cov kev tsis sib haum uas United States yuav yog Tog Neeg; - rau kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm ob lossis ntau lub xeev; Xeev, - nyob nruab nrab ntawm Cov Neeg Xam Xaj hauv tib Lub Xeev thov kom Cov Av nyob hauv Cov Nyiaj Txiag ntawm txawv Xeev, thiab los ntawm ib lub Xeev, lossis Cov Neeg Xam Xaj ntawm lub xeev, thiab cov neeg txawv tebchaws, Cov Neeg Xam Xaj lossis Subject.	The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;—to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;—to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;—to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;—to Controversies between two or more States;— between a State and Citizens of another State,—between Citizens of different States,—between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov mob rau sawv cev, lwm cov pej xeem Ministers thiab Consuls, thiab cov neeg nyob rau hauv uas ib tug State yuav tsum tog, lub supreme Court yuav tsum muaj thawj txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lwm yam mob ua ntej hais, lub supreme Court yuav tsum muaj Appellate ciaj ciam, ob qho tib si raws li txoj cai lij choj thiab Fact, nrog xws li Tshwj, thiab nyob rau hauv xws Regulations li cov Congress yuav ua.	In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.
Kev Hais Plaub ntawm tag nrho cov Txhaum Cai, tshwj tsis yog Hauv Kev Hais Plaub Ntug, yuav yog los ntawm Pawg Neeg Hais Plaub; thiab Cov Kev Hais Plaub Ntug no yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv Lub Xeev uas Tus Neeg Ua Txhaum Cai tau hais tias; tab sis thaum tsis tau ua phem hauv ib lub Xeev twg, Lub Tsev Hais Plaub yuav tsum nyob ntawm qhov chaw lossis Thaj Chaw raws li Pawg Tswj Hwm Tsab Cai tau hais.	The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.
Feem. 3.	Section. 3.
Kev ua txhaum kev tawm tsam rau Tebchaws Meskas, yuav tsum tsuas yog siv Txoj Cai Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam tawm tsam lawv, lossis ua raws li lawv tus yeeb ncuab, muab cov Kev Pab thiab Kev Nplij Siab rau lawv. Tsis pub ib tus neeg twg raug txim rau Kev Ua Phem tsuas yog ua pov thawj ntawm ob tug Tim khawv rau tib qho Kev Ua Raws Cai, lossis Kev lees txim hauv Chaw Hais Plaub.	Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj lub zog los tshaj tawm Kev rau lub Txhaum Cai, tab sis tsis muaj Tus Neeg Tuav Tsav Tsheb Yuav Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Phem Rau Tej Ntshav, lossis Kev Ua Phem, tshwj tsis yog thaum lub neej ntawm tus Neeg txais.	The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.
Tshooj lus. IV.	Article. IV.
Feem. 1.	Section. 1.
Tag nrho txoj kev ntseeg thiab Credit yuav tsum tau muab nyob rau hauv txhua lub xeev rau cov pej xeem Tubtxib Tes Haujlwm, Cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev hais plaub ntug zaug ntawm txhua lwm yam State. Thiab cov Congress yuav yog los ntawm cov kev cai lij choj dav dav sau tus yam hauv xws li Cov Tub Txib, Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab Kev Hais Plaub Ntug yuav tsum muaj pov thawj, thiab Qhov Teeb Meem los ntawm.	Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
Feem. 2.	Section. 2.
Cov Neeg Xam Xaj hauv txhua lub Xeev yuav tsum muaj cai rau Txhua Txoj Cai thiab Thaj Tsaj ntawm Cov Neeg Xam Xaj hauv ntau lub xeev.	The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.
Ib Tus Neeg raug foob hauv ib lub Xeev twg nrog Kev Ua Phem, Kev Ua Phem, lossis lwm yam Kev Ua Phem, uas yuav tsum khiav tawm ntawm Kev Ncaj Ncees, thiab pom nyob hauv lwm Lub Xeev, yuav tsum thov ntawm Tus Thawj Kav Xwm ntawm Lub Xeev uas nws tau khiav tawm, raug xa mus, kom raug tshem tawm mus rau Xeev Xeev Muaj Cai Los Txiav Txim Siab.	A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
Tsis pub ib tus neeg twg ua haujlwm Pabcuam lossis Ua Haujlwm rau hauv ib lub Xeev, raws li txoj cai ntawm txoj cai, khiav tawm mus rau lwm tus ,, ntawm Txoj Cai lossis Txoj Cai Nyob rau ntawd, yuav raug rho tawm ntawm kev pabcuam lossis Lub Chaw Haujlwm , tabsis yuav muab xa mus rau ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham tus neeg lossis Txoj Haujlwm ntawd yog tuaj txog.	No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.
Feem. 3.	Section. 3.
Cov xeev tshiab tuaj yeem raug lees paub los ntawm Pawg Tsav Xwm rau hauv lub Union no; tab sis tsis muaj ib lub Xeev tshiab yuav tsim los yog tsa nyob rau hauv Li Kev Cai ntawm lwm lub Xeev; tsis muaj ib lub Xeev twg tsim los ntawm Qhov Kev Sibtham ntawm ob lub lossis ntau lub Xeev, lossis Thaj Chaw hauv lub Xeev, yam tsis muaj Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo ntawm Cov Kev Cai ntawm Tebchaws Meskas uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb ib yam li Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev.	New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim pov tseg thiab tsim kom muaj txhua txoj cai thiab kev coj ua tsim nyog fwm thaj av lossis lwm cov khoom ntiag tug hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas; thiab tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi nyob hauv tsab ntawv tswjfwm no yuav raug tsocai txhais ua txhaum cai rau txhua Cov Kev Thov ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, lossis ib lub Xeev tshwj xeeb.	The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.
Feem. 4.	Section. 4.
Tebchaws Asmeskas yuav tsum lav rau txhua lub Xeev hauv Lub Union no Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Tsoom Fwv, thiab yuav tiv thaiv lawv ib leeg tawm tsam kev ua txhaum; thiab ntawm Kev Tso Cai Kav Kev Cai Lij Choj, lossis ntawm Tus Thawj Coj (thaum tsis muaj Lub Rooj Sab Laj uas suav tsis tau), tawm tsam kev sib ntaus hauv tsev.	The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened), against domestic Violence.
Tshooj lus. V.	Article. V.
Cov Congress, thaum twg ob feem peb ntawm ob Tsev Neeg xav tias tsim nyog, yuav tsum tshaj tawm Cov Kev Hloov kho rau tsab Cai Lij Choj no, lossis, ntawm Kev Thov Cov Cai ntawm ob feem peb ntawm ob peb lub xeev, yuav tsum hu Cov Lus Cog Tseg los tawm lus txhim kho, uas, txawm li cas los xij , yuav siv tau rau txhua lub hom phiaj thiab Lub Hom Phiaj, ua ib feem ntawm tsab cai no, thaum pom zoo los ntawm Cov Cai ntawm peb plaub feem ntawm ntau lub xeev, lossis los ntawm Kev Pom Zoo hauv peb plaub plaub ntawm, raws li ib lossis lwm hom kev pom zoo tuaj yeem xav tau cov Congress; Qhia tias tsis muaj Kev Hloov Kho uas yuav ua tau ua ntej Xyoo Ib txhiab yim pua ​​yim leej nyob rau hauv ib qho Manner cuam tshuam rau thawj zaug thiab thib plaub hauv tshooj thib cuaj ntawm ntu thib ib; thiab tias tsis muaj Lub Xeev, uas tsis muaj Kev Tso Cai, yuav tsis pub nws raug Kev Txom Nyem nyob hauv Senate.	The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate.
Tshooj lus. VI.	Article. VI.
Txhua qhov nqi sib cog lus thiab Kev Koom Tes nkag ua ntej, ua ntej tau txais yuav los ntawm tsab cai no, yuav tsum siv tau rau Tebchaws Meskas raws li Tsab Cai no, raws li hauv qab Kev Tso Cai.	All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
Tsab Cai Lij Choj no, thiab Cov Cai hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas uas yuav tsum ua hauv Hauv Kev Nrhiav Raws li no; thiab Txhua Txhua Daim Ntawv Cog Lus uas tau ua, lossis uas yuav raug ua, los ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas, yuav yog txoj cai zoo tshaj plaws ntawm daim av; thiab Cov Kws Txiav Txim nyob hauv txhua lub Xeev yuav raug khi txoj cai no, txhua yam ntawm txoj Cai Lij Choj lossis Txoj Cai ntawm Ib Lub Xeev twg rau qhov Tsis Txaus Ntseeg.	This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Pawg Nom Tswv thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev ua ntej hais, thiab Cov Tswv Cuab ntawm ntau lub Xeev Cov Thawj Coj, thiab txhua tus thawj coj thiab cov tub ceev xwm, ob leeg ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab ob peb lub xeev, yuav raug khi los ntawm Oath lossis Kev Cog Lus, los txhawb txoj cai no; tab sis tsis muaj kev ntseeg dab tsi uas yuav tsum muaj raws li Kev Muaj Peev Xwm rau ib qho Chaw Haujlwm los sis Tsoomfwv Kev ntseeg siab nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas.	The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Tshooj lus. VII.	Article. VII.
Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Kev Pom Zoo ntawm cuaj lub xeev, yuav tsum muaj qhov txaus rau Kev Tsim Txoj Cai Tswj Xyuas ntawm Xeev li kom pom zoo rau tib qho.	The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
Lo Lus, "tus," raug cais nyob nruab nrab ntawm xya thiab yim Kab ntawm thawj Nplooj ntawv, Lo Lus "Peb Caug" raug sau tseg rau ntawm Erazure nyob rau hauv kaum tsib kab ntawm nplooj ntawv thib ib, Cov Lus "tau sim" raug cuam tshuam ntawm Pebcaug thib ob thiab Pebcaug Peb Kab ntawm nplooj ib thiab nplooj ntawv "tus" raug txheeb nruab nrab ntawm plaub caug peb plaub caug plaub Kab ntawm nplooj thib ob.	The Word, "the," being interlined between the seventh and eighth Lines of the first Page, The Word "Thirty" being partly written on an Erazure in the fifteenth Line of the first Page, The Words "is tried" being interlined between the thirty second and thirty third Lines of the first Page and the Word "the" being interlined between the forty third and forty fourth Lines of the second Page.
Attest William Jackson Tus Tuav Ntaub Ntawv	Attest William Jackson Secretary
ua hauv Kev Pom Zoo los ntawm Kev Pom Zoo Ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas tshaj tawm Lub Cim Thib Kaum Hnub Lub Cuaj Hli hauv Xyoo ntawm peb tus Tswv ib txhiab xya puas yim caum thiab ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas Lub Tebchaws Kaum ob hauv kev ua tim khawv nyob rau ntawm peb tau hereunto subscribed peb npe ,	done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independance of the United States of America the Twelfth In witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names,
G °. Washington: Presidt thiab tus lwm thawj ntawm Virginia.	G°. Washington: Presidt and deputy from Virginia.
Tshiab Hampshire: John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman	New Hampshire: John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman
Massachusetts: Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King	Massachusetts: Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King
Connecticut: Wm: Saml . Johnson, Roger Sherman	Connecticut: Wm: Saml. Johnson, Roger Sherman
New York: Alexander Hamilton	New York: Alexander Hamilton
Lub Tsho Tshiab: Wil: Livingston, David Brearly , Wm. Paterson, Jona : Dayton	New Jersey: Wil: Livingston, David Brearly, Wm. Paterson, Jona: Dayton
Pennsylvania: B. Franklin, Thomas Mifflin, Robt . Morris, Geo. Clymer, Thos. FitzSimons , Jared Ingersoll, James Wilson, Gouv Morris	Pennsylvania: B. Franklin, Thomas Mifflin, Robt. Morris, Geo. Clymer, Thos. FitzSimons, Jared Ingersoll, James Wilson, Gouv Morris
Delaware: Geo: Nyeem ntawv, gunning Bedford Jun , John Dickinson, Richard Bassett, Jaco : khaub rhuab	Delaware: Geo: Read, Gunning Bedford jun, John Dickinson, Richard Bassett, Jaco: Broom
Maryland: James McHenry, Dan ntawm St Thos. Jenifer, Danl Carroll	Maryland: James McHenry, Dan of St Thos. Jenifer, Danl Carroll
Virginia: John Blair--, James Madison Jr.	Virginia: John Blair--, James Madison Jr.
North Carolina: Wm. Ntshav, Richd . Dobbs Spaight , Hu Williamson	North Carolina: Wm. Blount, Richd. Dobbs Spaight, Hu Williamson
Sab Qab Teb Carolina: J. Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler	South Carolina: J. Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler
Georgia: William Few, Abr Baldwin	Georgia: William Few, Abr Baldwin
Nqe ntawm Txoj Cai:	The Bill of Rights:
Cov Kev Cai Hloov Kho 1-10 ua qhov uas yog hu ua Txoj Cai Txoj Cai.	Constitutional Amendments 1-10 make up what is known as The Bill of Rights.
Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 25, 1789, Thawj Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau thov 12 qhov kev hloov kho rau tsab Cai Lij Choj. Lub 1789 Txheej Txheem Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Congress thov kom cov kev hloov pauv muaj nyob rau hauv Rotunda hauv Lub Tsev Khaws Cov Tuam Tsev Hauv Tebchaws. Kaum ntawm 12 qhov kev thov hloov kho tau pom zoo los ntawm peb-plaub feem ntawm lub xeev cov cai lij choj rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 15, 1791. Cov lus pom zoo (Tshooj 3–12) yog thawj 10 qhov hloov pauv ntawm tsab Cai, lossis US Txoj Cai. Thaum xyoo 1992, 203 xyoo tom qab tau pom zoo, tsab xov xwm 2 tau pom zoo raws li 27 kho tshiab rau tsab cai tswj hwm. Kab lus 1 yeej tsis tau pom zoo .	On September 25, 1789, the First Congress of the United States proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution. The 1789 Joint Resolution of Congress proposing the amendments is on display in the Rotunda in the National Archives Museum. Ten of the proposed 12 amendments were ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures on December 15, 1791. The ratified Articles (Articles 3–12) constitute the first 10 amendments of the Constitution, or the U.S. Bill of Rights. In 1992, 203 years after it was proposed, Article 2 was ratified as the 27th Amendment to the Constitution. Article 1 was never ratified.
Cov Ntawv Pauv Kev Koom Tes ntawm 1789 Kev Ua Haujlwm Sib Koom Nrog ntawm tsab ntawv Tshaj Tawm 12 Txhim Kho rau Asmeskas Txoj Cai	Transcription of the 1789 Joint Resolution of Congress Proposing 12 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution
Cov koomhaum Amelikas tau pib thiab tuav ntawm Lub Nroog New York, hnub Wednesday plaub lub Peb Hlis , ib txhiab xya puas yim caum cuaj.	Congress of the United States begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the fourth of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.
Cov Kev Pom Zoo ntawm ntau lub xeev, muaj thaum lub sijhawm lawv tau siv tsab cai lij choj, tau hais tawm txoj kev xav, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tsis raug cai lossis kev tsim txom nws lub hwj chim, uas ntxiv cov lus tshaj tawm thiab txwv kev txwv ntxiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv : Thiab ntxiv rau hauv av pej xeem kev ntseeg siab rau Tsoomfwv, yuav ua kom zoo tshaj rau cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig xaus ntawm nws lub koomhaum.	THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution.
RESOLVED los ntawm Pawg Neeg Thawj Coj Hauv Tsev Loj thiab Tsev Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, hauv Congress tau sib sau, ob feem peb ntawm ob lub Tsev Neeg lees lees paub, cov lus hauv qab no tau thov rau Cov Kev Cai ntawm ob peb lub xeev, raws li tau hloov kho rau tsab cai lij choj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, tag nrho, lossis ib qho ntawm Cov Lus, thaum pom zoo los ntawm peb plaub ntawm cov raws li Txoj Cai Hais, kom siv tau rau tag nrho cov kev xav thiab lub hom phiaj, raws li ib feem ntawm tsab cai lij choj tau hais tseg; viz.	RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all, or any of which Articles, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.
ARTICLES Ntxiv rau, thiab Kev Hloov kho ntawm Kev Cai Tswjfwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, npaj tseg los ntawm cov Congress, thiab tau pom zoo los ntawm Cov Cai los ntawm ntau lub xeev, ua raws li nqe lus thib tsib ntawm thawj tsab cai lij choj.	ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth Article of the original Constitution.
Tsab xov xwm thawj ... Tom qab thawj zaug suav los ntawm thawj tsab xov xwm ntawm Tsab Cai, yuav tsum muaj ib tus Neeg Sawv Cev rau txhua peb caug txhiab, mus txog rau tus naj npawb yuav txog rau ib puas, tom qab ntawd cov kev faib ua feem yuav raug tswj hwm los ntawm Congress, yuav tsum muaj tsis pub tsawg dua ib puas Tus Sawv Cev, thiab tsis pub tsawg dua ib Tus Neeg Sawv Cev rau txhua plaub caug txhiab tus neeg, mus txog rau thaum Cov Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tsum muaj txog ob puas; tom qab uas txoj kev faib ua feem yuav tsum raug tswj hwm los ntawm Congress, tias yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua ob puas Tus Neeg Sawv Cev, lossis tsis muaj ntau tus Neeg Sawv Cev rau txhua tsib caug txhiab tus neeg.	Article the first... After the first enumeration required by the first article of the Constitution, there shall be one Representative for every thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall be not less than one hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to two hundred; after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives, nor more than one Representative for every fifty thousand persons.
Tsab xov xwm thib ob ... Tsis muaj txoj cai lij choj, hloov pauv cov nyiaj them rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm Cov Neeg Pov Hwm thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev, yuav siv tau, kom txog rau thaum kev xaiv tsa Cov Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam.	Article the second... No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
Kab lus thib peb ... Cov koomhaum sibtham yuav tsis muaj tsab cai lij choj los saib kev tsim tsa kev ntseeg, lossis txwv kev ua ywjpheej dawb; lossis txhim kho txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev hais lus, lossis ntawm xovxwm; lossis txoj cai ntawm tib neeg tsim kev thaj yeeb los sib sau, thiab thov tsoomfwv kom rov tawm suab tsis txaus siab.	Article the third... Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Tsab xov xwm plaub ... Lub chaw tswj hwm Militia zoo, ua qhov tsim nyog rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub Xeev Dawb, txoj cai ntawm cov neeg khaws thiab tuav Arms, yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.	Article the fourth... A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
Tsab xov xwm thib tsib ... Tsis muaj ib tus tub rog twg yuav tsum nyob hauv lub sijhawm muaj kev sib haum xeeb nyob hauv ib lub tsev, yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo los ntawm tus tswv, tsis hais thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov ua rog, tab sis yam uas tsim los ntawm txoj cai lij choj.	Article the fifth... No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Tsab xov xwm thib rau ... Cov cai ntawm tib neeg kom muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv lawv cov neeg, tsev, ntawv, thiab cuam tshuam, tiv thaiv cov kev tshawb nrhiav tsis raug cai thiab kev foob, yuav tsis ua txhaum, thiab tsis muaj Daim Ntawv Cog Lus yuav tawm, tab sis raws li qhov tshwm sim, txhawb los ntawm Oath lossis kev pom zoo, thiab tshwj xeeb piav qhia qhov chaw tshawb xyuas, thiab cov neeg lossis tej khoom yuav raug txeeb mus.	Article the sixth... The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Kab lus xya .... Tsis pub ib tus neeg twg los teb rau tus peev, lossis lwm qhov kev ua txhaum, tshwj tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev nthuav qhia lossis kev foob ntawm Grand Jury, tshwj tsis yog muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv thaj av lossis tub rog, lossis hauv Militia, thaum nyob rau hauv qhov kev pabcuam tiag tiag hauv lub sijhawm Tsov Rog lossis teebmeem rau pej xeem; yuav tsis muaj ib tus neeg raug ua txhaum ib zaug los raug ob zaug pov tseg hauv lub neej los sis nqaj; thiab yuav tsis raug yuam rau hauv ib qho kev ua txhaum cai twg los ua pov thawj rau nws tus kheej, thiab yuav tsis pub nws lub neej, kev ywj pheej, lossis khoom ntiag tug, yam uas tsis muaj txoj cai lij choj; yuav tsis pub nqa cov khoom ntiag tug rau pej xeem siv, yam tsis muaj nyiaj them rov qab.	Article the seventh... No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Nqe lus yim ... Hauv txhua qhov kev foob txhaum cai, tus neeg raug liam yuav muaj txoj cai tau nrawm thiab pej xeem mus sib hais, los ntawm cov kws txiav txim plaub ncaj ncees ntawm Lub Xeev thiab cheeb tsam uas nws tau ua txhaum, uas cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau lees paub yav tas los , thiab kom raug qhia txog qhov xwm txheej thiab kev iab liam; kom raug cov neeg tim khawv tawm tsam nws; kom muaj txheej txheem ua haujlwm rau kev muab cov neeg tim khawv hauv nws txoj kev pom zoo, thiab kom muaj Kev Pab ntawm Cov Lus Qhia rau nws tiv thaiv .	Article the eighth... In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
Tsab xov xwm cuaj ... Hauv kev sib foob ntawm txoj cai ib txwm muaj, qhov twg tus nqi hauv kev sib cav yuav tsum ntau tshaj nees nkaum daus las, txoj cai ntawm kev hais plaub los ntawm pawg neeg pab txiav txim yuav tsum tau khaws cia , thiab tsis muaj qhov tseeb sim los ntawm pawg neeg pab txiav txim, Tebchaws Asmeskas, dua li raws li cov cai ntawm txoj cai ib yam.	Article the ninth... In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
Ntu kaum ... Tus neeg mob ntau dhau yuav tsis raug yuam, thiab nplua nyiaj ntau dhau, thiab tsis ua lim hiam thiab ua ntau yam nplua.	Article the tenth... Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Tsab xov xwm thib kaum ib ... Cov kev hais tawm nyob rau hauv tsab Cai Lij Choj, ntawm qee txoj cai, yuav tsis raug txiav txim siab tsis lees txais los yog cem lwm tus cov neeg khaws cia.	Article the eleventh... The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
Tsab xov xwm kaum ob ... Lub zog tsis tau hloov pauv rau Tebchaws Asmeskas raws li tsab cai lij choj, thiab tsis pub nws los rau Lub Xeev, tshwj tseg rau Tebchaws Asmeskas feem, lossis rau cov neeg.	Article the twelfth... The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
SAIB,	ATTEST,
Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Tsev Sawv Cev John Adams, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj Tebchaws Asmeskas, thiab Thawj Coj Thawj Fwm Thawj Coj Tebchaws John Beckley, Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas Lub Tsev Haujlwm. Xam. Ib tus Otis Secretary ntawm lub Senate	Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, Speaker of the House of Representatives John Adams, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate John Beckley, Clerk of the House of Representatives. Sam. A Otis Secretary of the Senate
Miskas Txoj Cai	The U.S. Bill of Rights
Lub Neej Hauv Paus Txoj Cai	The Preamble to The Bill of Rights
Cov koomhaum Amelikas tau pib thiab tuav ntawm Lub Nroog New York, hnub Wednesday plaub lub Peb Hlis , ib txhiab xya puas yim caum cuaj.	Congress of the United States begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the fourth of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.
Cov Kev Pom Zoo ntawm ntau lub xeev, muaj thaum lub sijhawm lawv tau siv tsab cai lij choj, tau hais tawm txoj kev xav, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tsis raug cai lossis kev tsim txom nws lub hwj chim, uas ntxiv cov lus tshaj tawm thiab txwv kev txwv ntxiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv : Thiab ntxiv rau hauv av pej xeem kev ntseeg siab rau Tsoomfwv, yuav ua kom zoo tshaj rau cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig xaus ntawm nws lub koomhaum.	THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution.
RESOLVED los ntawm Pawg Neeg Thawj Coj Hauv Tsev Loj thiab Tsev Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, hauv Congress tau sib sau, ob feem peb ntawm ob lub Tsev Neeg lees lees paub, cov lus hauv qab no tau thov rau Cov Kev Cai ntawm ob peb lub xeev, raws li tau hloov kho rau tsab cai lij choj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, tag nrho, lossis ib qho ntawm Cov Lus, thaum pom zoo los ntawm peb plaub ntawm cov raws li Txoj Cai Hais, kom siv tau rau tag nrho cov kev xav thiab lub hom phiaj, raws li ib feem ntawm tsab cai lij choj tau hais tseg; viz.	RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all, or any of which Articles, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.
ARTICLES Ntxiv rau, thiab Kev Hloov kho ntawm Kev Cai Tswjfwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, npaj tseg los ntawm cov Congress, thiab tau pom zoo los ntawm Cov Cai los ntawm ntau lub xeev, ua raws li nqe lus thib tsib ntawm thawj tsab cai lij choj.	ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth Article of the original Constitution.
Nco tseg: Cov ntawv nyeem hauv qab no yog kev hloov pauv ntawm thawj kaum qhov kev hloov pauv tau rau Lub Hauv Paus nyob rau hauv lawv thawj daim ntawv. Cov kev hloov kho no tau pom zoo thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 15, 1791, thiab ua qhov twg thiaj hu ua "Txoj Cai ntawm Txoj Cai."	Note: The following text is a transcription of the first ten amendments to the Constitution in their original form. These amendments were ratified December 15, 1791, and form what is known as the "Bill of Rights."
Kev Hloov Kho Kuv	Amendment I
Cov koomhaum Congress yuav tsis muaj ib txoj cai los hais txog lub chaw tsim kev ntseeg, lossis txwv kev ua ywjpheej dawb; lossis txhim kho txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev hais lus, lossis ntawm xovxwm; lossis txoj cai ntawm tib neeg tsim kev thaj yeeb los sib sau, thiab thov tsoomfwv kom rov tawm suab tsis txaus siab.	Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Kev Hloov Kho II	Amendment II
Ib txoj cai tswjfwm Militia, yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Lub Xeev Dawb, txoj cai ntawm cov neeg khaws thiab tuav Arms, yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.	A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
Hloov III	Amendment III
Tsis muaj Ib tus Tub Rog twg yuav tau nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev sib haum xeeb nyob hauv ib lub tsev, yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo los ntawm tus tswv, thiab tsis muaj sijhawm ua tsov ua rog, tab sis yam uas tsim los ntawm txoj cai lij choj.	No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Kev Hloov Kho IV	Amendment IV
Txoj cai ntawm tib neeg kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg hauv lawv cov neeg, tsev, ntawv, thiab cuam tshuam, tiv thaiv cov kev tshawb nrhiav tsis raug cai thiab kev foob, yuav tsis raug yuam cai, thiab tsis muaj Daim Ntawv Cog Lus yuav tawm, tab sis raws li qhov tshwm sim, txhawb los ntawm Oath lossis kev lees paub, thiab tshwj xeeb piav qhia qhov chaw yuav tshawb, thiab cov neeg lossis tej khoom yuav raug txeeb.	The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Hloov Kho V	Amendment V
Yuav tsis pub ib tus neeg twg los teb rau lub peev, lossis lwm qhov kev ua txhaum, tshwj tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev nthuav qhia lossis kev foob ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Loj, tshwj tsis yog cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv thaj av lossis tub rog, lossis hauv Militia, thaum qhov kev pabcuam tiag tiag hauv lub sijhawm Kev ua tsov rog lossis pej xeem phom sij; yuav tsis muaj ib tus neeg raug ua txhaum ib zaug los raug ob zaug pov tseg hauv lub neej los sis nqaj; thiab yuav tsis raug yuam rau hauv ib qho kev ua txhaum cai twg los ua pov thawj rau nws tus kheej, thiab yuav tsis pub nws lub neej, kev ywj pheej, lossis khoom ntiag tug, yam uas tsis muaj txoj cai lij choj; yuav tsis pub nqa cov khoom ntiag tug rau pej xeem siv, yam tsis muaj nyiaj them rov qab.	No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Hloov VI	Amendment VI
Hauv txhua qhov kev foob txhaum cai, tus raug liam yuav muaj txoj cai hais nrawm nrawm thiab mus sib hais plaub, los ntawm pawg kws txiav txim plaub ntug ntawm Lub Xeev thiab cheeb tsam uas tus neeg tau ua txhaum cai, uas cheeb tsam tau pom yav tas los lawm txoj cai lij choj, thiab kom raug ceeb toom qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov ua rau kev iab liam; kom raug cov neeg tim khawv tawm tsam nws; kom muaj txheej txheem ua haujlwm rau kev muab cov neeg tim khawv hauv nws txoj kev pom zoo, thiab kom muaj Kev Pab ntawm Cov Lus Qhia rau nws tiv thaiv .	In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
Kev Kho Dua VII	Amendment VII
Nyob rau hauv Cov Kev Cai Lij Choj uas ib txwm muaj, qhov uas tus nqi hauv kev sib cav yuav tsum ntau tshaj nees nkaum daus las, txoj cai kev hais plaub los ntawm pawg neeg pab txiav txim yuav tsum tau khaws cia , thiab tsis muaj tseeb txiav txim los ntawm pawg neeg pab txiav txim, rau cov cai ntawm txoj cai ib txwm.	In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
Kho VIII	Amendment VIII
Txoj kev rau txim ntau tsis tas yuav ua, thiab yuav tsis muaj kev nplua ntau dhau, thiab yuav tsis rau txim hnyav thiab cov kev ua txhaum uas txhaum dhau los.	Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Hloov IX	Amendment IX
Kev hais tawm nyob rau hauv tsab Cai Lij Choj, ntawm qee txoj cai, yuav tsis raug lees tias yuav tsis lees paub lossis cuam tshuam lwm tus los ntawm cov neeg.	The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
Hloov X	Amendment X
Cov zog tsis tso cai rau Tebchaws Meskas raws li txoj Cai Lij Choj, thiab tsis txwv nws mus rau Tebchaws Meskas, tshwj tseg rau Tebchaws Asmeskas feem, lossis rau cov neeg.	The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
Txoj Cai: Hloov Kho 11-27	The Constitution: Amendments 11-27
Cov Kev Cai Hloov Kho 1-10 ua qhov uas yog hu ua Txoj Cai Txoj Cai. Cov Lus Kho Dua 11-27 muaj npe hauv qab no.	Constitutional Amendments 1-10 make up what is known as The Bill of Rights. Amendments 11-27 are listed below.
AMENDMENT XI	AMENDMENT XI
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Peb Hlis 4, 1794. Pom zoo Lub Ob Hlis 7, 1795.	Passed by Congress March 4, 1794. Ratified February 7, 1795.
Nco tseg: Tshooj III, tshooj 2, ntawm Tsab Cai tau hloov kho los ntawm kho tshiab 11	Note: Article III, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by amendment 11.
Tsoomfwv Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas yuav tsis suav tias txuas ntxiv rau ib qho kev cai lij choj lossis kev ncaj ncees, tau pib lossis raug foob rau Tebchaws Meskas los ntawm Cov Neeg Tuaj ntawm lwm lub Xeev, lossis los ntawm Cov Neeg Xam Xaj lossis cov neeg ntawm lub Xeev txawv tebchaws .	The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.
AMENDMENT XII	AMENDMENT XII
Dhau los ntawm Congress Kaum Ob Hlis 9, 1803. Pom zoo Lub Rau Hli 15, 1804.	Passed by Congress December 9, 1803. Ratified June 15, 1804.
Nco tseg: Ib feem ntawm Ntu II, seem 1 ntawm tsab Cai tau hloov los ntawm tsab cai hloov 12 tsab ntawv.	Note: A portion of Article II, section 1 of the Constitution was superseded by the 12th amendment.
Cov Neeg Xaiv Tsa yuav tsum sib ntsib hauv lawv cov xeev thiab pov ntawv xaiv tsa rau Tus Thawj Coj thiab Tus Lwm Thawj, uas ib tus, tsawg kawg, yuav tsis yog ib tus neeg nyob hauv tib lub xeev nrog lawv tus kheej; lawv yuav tsum sau npe rau hauv lawv cov npav xaiv tsa tus neeg pov ntawv los ua Tus Thawj Coj, thiab yuav tau xaiv cov npe ntawm txhua tus neeg pov ntawv los ua Tus Thawj Tswj Hwm, thiab ntawm txhua tus neeg pov ntawv xaiv los ua Tus Lwm Thawj Coj, thiab , thiab ntawm cov naj npawb ntawm cov npav rau txhua tus, uas teev lawv yuav tsum kos npe thiab pov thawj, thiab xa cov ntawv sib tw rau lub rooj zaum ntawm tsoomfwv Meskas, qhia rau Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws; - Tus Thawj Tswm Thawj Tswm Tsev ntawm lub Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yeem yuav tsum, nyob rau hauv ntawm lub Senate thiab House of Representative, yuav qhib txhua daim ntawv pov thawj thiab cov npav yuav tau suav; - Tus neeg muaj suab npe ntau tshaj rau Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws, yog tus Thawj Pwm Tsav Tebchaws, yog tias tus lej ntawd feem ntau ntawm Cov Naj Npawb Xaiv Tsa; thiab yog tias tsis muaj ib tus neeg muaj feem ntau li no, ces los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tus lej siab tshaj tsis tshaj peb ntawm cov neeg muaj npe pov npav los ua Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Xaiv Tsev Neeg yuav tsum xaiv tam sim ntawd, los ntawm kev pov npav, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws. Tab sis hauv kev xaiv tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, cov npav yuav tsum muab los ntawm cov xeev, kev sawv cev los ntawm txhua lub xeev tau muaj kev xaiv tsa; Pawg neeg no yuav tsum muaj cov tswvcuab lossis cov tswvcuab ntawm ob feem peb ntawm cov xeev, thiab feem ntau ntawm txhua lub xeev yuav tsum tsim nyog los xaiv. [ Thiab yog tias Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tsis xaiv Thawj Tswj Hwm thaum twg txoj cai xaiv yuav sib tham txog lawv, ua ntej plaub hnub ntawm lub Peb Hlis tom qab no, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj yuav tau ua tus Thawj Tswj Hwm, xws li thaum tuag lossis lwm yam kev cai lij choj kev tsis taus ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm. -] * Tus neeg muaj suab muaj npe ntau tshaj yog tus Lwm Thawj, yuav yog tus Lwm Thawj Coj, yog tias tus lej no yuav yog ib feem coob ntawm Cov Thawj Pov Thawj Xaiv tau, thiab yog tias tsis muaj ib tug neeg muaj feem ntau, ces ntawm ob tus naj npawb siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov ntawv, Lub Senate yuav xaiv Tus Lwm Thawj Coj; Pawg neeg pov npav rau lub hom phiaj yuav tsum muaj ob feem peb ntawm cov neeg Tseem Ceeb, thiab feem ntau ntawm tag nrho tus lej yuav tsum tsim nyog los xaiv. Tabsis tsis muaj ib tus neeg twg uas tsim nyog tsis tau txoj cai los ua tus Thawj Coj Tebchaws yuav tsum muaj cai ua tus Thawj Coj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas. * Raug pauv los ntawm ntu 3 ntawm qhov kho 20.	The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate; -- the President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted; -- The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. [And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. --]* The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. *Superseded by section 3 of the 20th amendment.
AMENDMENT XIII	AMENDMENT XIII
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Ib Hlis 31, 1865. Pom zoo Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 6, 1865.	Passed by Congress January 31, 1865. Ratified December 6, 1865.
Nco tseg: Ib feem ntawm Tshooj IV, tshooj 2, ntawm Tsab Cai tau hloov los ntawm txoj cai hloov 13th.	Note: A portion of Article IV, section 2, of the Constitution was superseded by the 13th amendment.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Tsis yog kev ua cev qhev lossis tsis rau txim rau lwm tus, tshwj tsis yog kev rau txim rau kev ua txhaum uas tus tswvcuab tau ua txhaum cai , yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lossis ib qho chaw nyob raws li lawv txoj cai.	Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los tswj tsab cai no uas tsim nyog los ntawm cov kev cai tsim nyog.	Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
AMENDMENT XIV	AMENDMENT XIV
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Rau Hli 13, 1866. Pom zoo Lub Xya Hli 9, 1868.	Passed by Congress June 13, 1866. Ratified July 9, 1868.
Nco tseg: Tshooj I, tshooj 2, ntawm Tsab Cai tau hloov kho los ntawm s ection 2 ntawm 14 kev hloov kho.	Note: Article I, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by section 2 of the 14th amendment.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Txhua tus neeg yug los yog tus neeg yug nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab muaj cai los ntawm cov cai no, yog pej xeem Asmeskas thiab lub Xeev uas lawv nyob. Tsis muaj ib lub Xeev twg yuav tsim lossis siv txoj cai lij choj twg uas yuav ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees lossis kev nyob zoo ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Tebchaws Meskas; tsis muaj ib lub Xeev twg yuav tsis pub ib tus neeg twg ntawm lub neej, kev ywj pheej, lossis khoom, tsis muaj tus txheej txheem raws kev cai lij choj; thiab tsis pub ib tus neeg twg hauv nws qhov chaw muaj cai tiv thaiv kev cai lij choj.	All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov sawv cev yuav tsum muaj feem rau ntau lub Xeev raws li lawv tus lej, suav tag nrho cov neeg hauv txhua Lub Xeev, tsis suav cov Neeg Qhab tsis tau them se. Tab sis thaum txoj cai muaj cai pov npav rau qhov kev xaiv tsa rau cov neeg xaiv tsa rau Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Cov Neeg Sawv Cev hauv Pawg, Cov Thawj Coj thiab Cov Tub Ceev Xwm ntawm ib lub Xeev, lossis cov tswvcuab ntawm Cov Neeg Loj muaj cai tau raug tsis pom zoo rau ib qho ntawm tus txiv neej cov neeg nyob hauv lub Xeev, uas muaj hnub nyoog nees nkaum ib xyoos, * thiab cov neeg pej xeem hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lossis ib txoj hauv kev twg, tshwj tsis yog koom nrog kev tawm tsam, lossis lwm yam kev ua txhaum, lub hauv paus ntawm kev sawv cev nyob rau hauv yuav tsum raug txo hauv kev faib ua feem uas muaj pes tsawg tus txiv neej yuav tsum suav rau tag nrho cov txiv neej neeg muaj hnub nyoog nees nkaum ib xyoos nyob rau hauv Xeev ntawd.	Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age,* and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.
Nqe 3.	Section 3.
Tsis pub ib tus neeg twg yog Senator lossis Tus Sawv Cev hauv Congress, lossis tus xaiv tsa tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj, lossis tuav ib txoj haujlwm, pej xeem lossis tub rog, hauv tebchaws Meskas, lossis hauv ib lub Xeev twg, uas, tau cog lus tseg dhau los ua ib tus tswvcuab. ntawm cov Congress, lossis yog ib tus tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws Meskas, lossis yog ib tus tswvcuab ntawm tsoomfwv tsim tsa txoj cai lij choj, lossis yog ib tus thawj tswj lossis tub ceev xwm ntawm ib lub Xeev twg, los txhawb txoj Cai lij choj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, yuav tsum muaj kev tawm tsam lossis tawm tsam zoo li qub, los yog muab kev pab lossis kev nplij siab rau cov yeeb ncuab ntawd. Tab sis Congress yuav los ntawm kev pov npav ntawm ob feem peb ntawm txhua lub Tsev, tshem tawm qhov tsis taus ntawd.	No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.
Nqe 4.	Section 4.
Kev siv tau ntawm pej xeem cov nuj nqis ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, tso cai los ntawm kev cai lij choj, suav nrog cov nuj nqis tshwm sim rau kev them nyiaj ntawm cov nyiaj laus thiab nyiaj them rau cov kev pabcuam hauv kev txhawb kev tawm tsam lossis kev tawm tsam, yuav tsis raug nug . Tab sis tsis hais tias Tebchaws Meskas thiab Xeev yuav tsis xaj lossis them nuj nqis lossis kev lav phib xaub rau kev tawm tsam lossis ntxeev siab rau Tebchaws Meskas, lossis ib qho kev thov rau qhov poob lossis tshem tawm ntawm ib tus qhev; tab sis tag nrho cov nuj nqis, kev lav phib xaub thiab cov lus aws yuav tsum raug ua tsis raug cai thiab tsis raug lees	The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.
Nqe 5.	Section 5.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj lub hwj chim los tswj hwm, los ntawm txoj cai tsim nyog, cov cai ntawm kab lus no.	The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.
* Hloov pauv los ntawm ntu 1 ntawm 26 kho kho.	*Changed by section 1 of the 26th amendment.
AMENDMENT XV	AMENDMENT XV
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Ob Hlis 26, 1869. Pom zoo Lub Ob Hlis 3, 1870.	Passed by Congress February 26, 1869. Ratified February 3, 1870.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Txoj cai ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas kev xaiv tsa yuav tsum tsis raug tsis lees paub lossis raug txo los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas lossis los ntawm Lub Xeev ib tus neeg vim haiv neeg, tawv nqaij, lossis yav dhau los ntawm kev ua cev qhev -	The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude--
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj txoj cai los tswj tsab xov xwm no los ntawm cov kev cai tsim nyog.	The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
AMENDMENT XVI	AMENDMENT XVI
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Xya Hli 2, 1909. Pom zoo Lub Ob Hlis 3, 1913.	Passed by Congress July 2, 1909. Ratified February 3, 1913.
Nco tseg: Tshooj I, tshooj 9, ntawm tsab Cai tau hloov kho los ntawm kho tshiab 16.	Note: Article I, section 9, of the Constitution was modified by amendment 16.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los teeb thiab sau cov se ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau los, los ntawm qhov twg los, tsis muaj kev sib cais ntawm ntau lub xeev, thiab tsis hais txog kev suav pej xeem lossis suav sau.	The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
KEV PAB CUAM XVII	AMENDMENT XVII
Dhau los ntawm Congress Tsib Hlis 13, 1912. Pom zoo Lub Plaub Hlis 8, 1913.	Passed by Congress May 13, 1912. Ratified April 8, 1913.
Nco tseg: Tshooj I, tshooj 3, ntawm tsab Cai tau hloov kho los ntawm tsab cai lij choj hloov kho 17	Note: Article I, section 3, of the Constitution was modified by the 17th amendment.
Lub Senate ntawm lub tebchaws yuav tsum tau koom nrog ob Tus Nom Tswv los ntawm txhua lub Xeev, xaiv los ntawm cov pej xeem los ntawd, rau xyoo; thiab txhua tus Senator yuav tsum muaj ib tsab ntawv xaiv tsa. Cov neeg xaiv tsa hauv txhua lub Xeev yuav tsum muaj cov txuj ci tsim nyog rau cov neeg xaiv tsa ntawm cov ceg neeg koom tes nrog ntau tshaj plaws hauv Xeev cov cai.	The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.
Thaum cov chaw tawm haujlwm tshwm sim hauv kev sawv cev rau ib lub Xeev twg hauv Senate, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub Xeev yuav tsum sau ntawv pov npav xaiv tsa los sau cov haujlwm xws li: Tau muab, Tias cov kev cai lij choj ntawm ib lub Xeev twg yuav muaj lub hwj chim los ua tus thawj tswj hwm kom teem sijhawm ib ntus kom txog rau thaum cov pej xeem Cov kev tshaj tawm los ntawm kev xaiv tsa raws li cov tsim cai lij choj yuav ncaj qha.	When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.
Qhov kev hloov kho no yuav tsis yog txhais tias yuav cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv tsa lossis lub sijhawm ntawm ib tug Senator raug xaiv ua ntej nws siv tau raws li ib feem ntawm tsab Cai Lij Choj.	This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.
AMENDMENT XVIII	AMENDMENT XVIII
Dhau los ntawm Congress Kaum Ob Hlis 18, 1917. Pom zoo Lub Ib Hlis 16, 1919. Rov qab los ntawm kev hloov kho 21.	Passed by Congress December 18, 1917. Ratified January 16, 1919. Repealed by amendment 21.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Tom qab ib xyoos los ntawm kev pom zoo hauv tsab xov xwm no tau tsim, muag, lossis thauj cov dej cawv mus rau hauv, kev xa cov khoom ntawd mus rau hauv, lossis kev xa tawm los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab tag nrho cov chaw uas muaj feem xyuam rau txoj dej haus yog txwv tsis pub haus .	After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress thiab ob peb lub xeev yuav tsum muaj lub zog ua ke los siv cov lus no los ntawm txoj cai tsim nyog.	The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Nqe 3.	Section 3.
Cov tshooj lus no yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm tshwj tsis yog tias yuav tsum tau muaj kev pom zoo los txhim kho tsab cai lij choj los ntawm cov kev cai lij choj ntawm ob peb lub xeev, raws li muaj nyob hauv tsab cai lij choj, nyob rau hauv xya xyoo txij li hnub uas tau xa cov lus no rau Lub Xeev los ntawm cov Congress.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
AMENDMENT XIX	AMENDMENT XIX
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Rau Hli 4, 1919. Pom zoo Lub Yim Hli 18, 1920.	Passed by Congress June 4, 1919. Ratified August 18, 1920.
Txoj cai ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas kev xaiv tsa yuav tsis raug txwv tsis pub ua lossis tsis suav los ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas lossis los ntawm Lub Xeev ntawm tus pojniam lossis txiv neej.	The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.
Cov koom txoos yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los siv tsab xov xwm no los ntawm txoj cai tsim nyog.	Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
KEV AMENDMENT XX	AMENDMENT XX
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Peb Hlis 2, 1932. Pom zoo Lub Ib Hlis 23, 1933.	Passed by Congress March 2, 1932. Ratified January 23, 1933.
Nco tseg: Tshooj I, tshooj 4, ntawm tsab Cai tau hloov kho los ntawm tshooj 2 ntawm kev hloov kho no. Ib qho ntxiv, ib feem ntawm 12 kev hloov pauv tau hloov pauv hauv tshooj 3.	Note: Article I, section 4, of the Constitution was modified by section 2 of this amendment. In addition, a portion of the 12th amendment was superseded by section 3.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Thawj Kav Tebchaws thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj yuav tsum xaus rau thaum tav su 20 hnub Lub Ib Hlis, thiab cov lus sib tw ntawm Senator thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev thaum tav su rau hnub 3d ntawm Lub Ib Hlis, ntawm cov xyoo uas cov nqe lus no yuav xaus yog tias tsab ntawv no muaj tsis tau pom zoo ; thiab cov lus hais ntawm lawv cov neeg tom qab yuav pib.	The terms of the President and the Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress yuav tsum sib sau tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv txhua lub xyoo, thiab cov rooj sib tham yuav tsum pib thaum tav su rau hnub 3d ntawm Lub Ib Hlis, tshwj tsis yog lawv yuav tsum muaj txoj cai los hloov sijhawm sib txawv.	The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
Nqe 3.	Section 3.
Yog tias, nyob rau lub sijhawm tau npaj tseg rau thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm Thawj Kav Tebchaws, Cov Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum tas sim neej, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws xaiv tau los ua Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws. Yog tias Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsis raug xaiv ua ntej lub sijhawm teem tseg rau lub sijhawm pib ntawm nws lub sijhawm, lossis yog Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws xaiv tsis tau raws li txoj cai, tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum ua tus Thawj Tswj Hwm mus txog thaum Tus Thawj Coj yuav tsum muaj cai; thiab Pawg Neeg Soj Ntsuam yuav muab txoj cai rau rooj plaub uas tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws lossis tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm xaiv tsa yuav tsis muaj cai, tshaj tawm tus twg yuav yog tus thawj coj, lossis tus neeg uas yuav raug xaiv yuav raug xaiv, thiab tus neeg ntawd yuav tsum ua haujlwm kom txog thaum Tus Thawj Tswj Hwm lossis Lwm Thawj Tswj Hwm yuav tsum ua haujlwm.	If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
Nqe 4.	Section 4.
Txoj cai Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas tsab cai lij choj yuav muab cov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm ib tug neeg los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Tsev Neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem xaiv tus Thawj Tswj Hwm thaum twg txoj cai xaiv yuav tau rhuav tshem lawv, thiab rau kis ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm ib tus neeg los ntawm leej twg Senate yuav xaiv Tus Lwm Thawj Coj thaum twg txoj cai xaiv yuav tsum xaiv lawv.	The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
Nqe 5.	Section 5.
Ntu 1 thiab 2 yuav pib siv rau hnub tim 15 Lub Kaum Hlis tom qab pom zoo rau tsab xov xwm no.	Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.
Nqe 6.	Section 6.
Cov tshooj lus no yuav tsum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj tsis yog tias nws tau raug pom zoo raws li kev hloov kho ntawm tsab Cai Lij Choj los ntawm kev tsim cai lij choj ntawm peb feem plaub ntawm ntau lub xeev nyob rau hauv xya xyoo txij li hnub xa.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.
AMENDMENT XXI	AMENDMENT XXI
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Ob Hlis 20, 1933. Pom zoo Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 5, 1933.	Passed by Congress February 20, 1933. Ratified December 5, 1933.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Lub kaum yim tsab xov xwm ntawm kev hloov kho rau tsab cai tswj hwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau tshaj tawm .	The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Kev thauj mus los lossis coj mus rau lwm Lub Xeev, Thaj Chaw, lossis muaj Tebchaws Asmeskas rau xa lossis siv cawv cov cawv, ua txhaum txoj cai hauv no, raug txwv tsis pub siv .	The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
Nqe 3.	Section 3.
Cov tshooj lus no yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm tshwj tsis yog tias yuav tsum tau muaj kev pom zoo los txhim kho tsab cai lij choj los ntawm cov kev pom zoo hauv ntau lub xeev, raws li muaj nyob hauv tsab cai lij choj, nyob rau hauv xya xyoo txij li hnub uas tau xa cov lus no rau Lub Xeev los ntawm cov Congress.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
KEV HLOOV XXII	AMENDMENT XXII
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Peb Hlis 21, 1947. Pom zoo Lub Ob Hlis 27, 1951.	Passed by Congress March 21, 1947. Ratified February 27, 1951.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Tsis pub ib tus neeg twg raug xaiv los ua Tus Thawj Coj los ua Tus Thawj Coj ntau dua ob zaug, thiab tsis muaj ib tus neeg uas tau ua tus Thawj Coj Tebchaws, lossis ua tus Thawj Coj, ntev dua ob xyoos ntawm cov lus uas ib co neeg raug xaiv los ua Tus Thawj Coj yuav tsum raug xaiv rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntau dua ib zaug. Tab sis Tsab Ntawv no yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau ib tug neeg uas tuav txoj haujlwm Thawj Tswj Hwm thaum Tsab Ntawv no tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Sab Laj, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob tiv thaiv ib tus neeg uas tuaj yeem tuav tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, lossis ua tus Thawj Coj, thaum lub sijhawm nqe lus no dhau los ua hauj lwm los ntawm tuav tus thawj tswj fwm chaw ua haujlwm lossis ua tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws rau lub sijhawm uas tseem nyob ntawd.	No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov kab lus no yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm tshwj tsis yog tias nws tau pom zoo raws li kev hloov kho ntawm tsab Cai Lij Choj los ntawm kev tsim cai lij choj ntawm peb feem plaub ntawm ntau lub xeev nyob rau hauv xya xyoo txij li hnub nws tau xa mus rau Lub Xeev los ntawm cov Congress.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the Congress.
KEV HLOOV XXIII	AMENDMENT XXIII
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Rau Hli 16, 1960. Pom zoo Lub Peb Hlis 29, 1961.	Passed by Congress June 16, 1960. Ratified March 29, 1961.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Tsoom Fwv Tsev Kawm Ntawv tsim tsa lub rooj zaum ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas yuav tsum taw tawm xws li Cov Rooj Sab Laj thiaj li tuaj yeem:	The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg xaiv tsa ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj sib npaug rau tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm Senator thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev hauv Pawg Sab Laj uas Cov Koog Tsev Kawm Ntawv yuav muaj cai yog tias nws yog Lub Xeev, tab sis tsis muaj ib qho xwm txheej ntau dua li tsoomfwv tsawg tsawg; lawv yuav tsum ntxiv rau cov raug xaiv los ntawm Xeev, tab sis lawv yuav raug txiav txim siab, txhawm rau xaiv tsa Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Tswj, los ua cov neeg xaiv tsa los ntawm Lub Xeev; thiab lawv yuav sib ntsib hauv Hauv Paus Tsev Kawm Ntawv thiab ua tej dej num li tau hais hauv tshooj kaum ob ntawm tsab cai hloov.	A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los siv tsab cai no los ntawm kev tsim nyog los tsim cai.	The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
AMENDMENT XXIV	AMENDMENT XXIV
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Yim Hli 27, 1962. Pom zoo Lub Ib Hlis 23, 1964.	Passed by Congress August 27, 1962. Ratified January 23, 1964.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Txoj cai ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas ntawm kev xaiv tsa rau ib qhov tseem ceeb twg lossis lwm qhov kev xaiv tsa rau Thawj Tswj Hwm lossis Tus Lwm Thawj, rau cov neeg xaiv tsa rau Thawj Tswj Hwm lossis Tus Lwm Thawj, lossis rau Senator lossis Tus Sawv Cev hauv Congress, yuav tsis raug txwv tsis pub los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas lossis ib qho Lub xeev los ntawm yog vim li cas tsis ua hauj lwm them se tej kev xaiv tsa se los yog lwm yam se.	The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los siv tsab cai no los ntawm kev tsim nyog los tsim cai.	The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
AMENDMENT XXV	AMENDMENT XXV
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Xya Hli 6, 1965. Pom zoo Lub Ob Hlis 10, 1967.	Passed by Congress July 6, 1965. Ratified February 10, 1967.
Nco tseg: Ntu II, tshooj 1, ntawm Tsab Cai tau cuam tshuam los ntawm 25 kev hloov kho.	Note: Article II, section 1, of the Constitution was affected by the 25th amendment.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm Thawj Kav Tebchaws los ntawm chaw ua haujlwm lossis ntawm nws txoj kev tuag lossis tawm haujlwm, Tus Lwm Thawj Tsav Tebchaws yuav los ua Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws.	In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Thaum twg muaj chaw txaus hauv Tus Lwm Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws, tus thawj coj yuav xaiv tus Lwm Thawj Coj los ua tus sawv cev thaum tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm cov kev pom zoo los ntawm ob lub tsev ntawm Congress.	Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.
Nqe 3.	Section 3.
Thaum twg Tus Thawj Pwm Tsav xa mus rau Thawj Kav Tebchaws tshaj tawm ntawm Thawj Pawg Thawj Kav Tebchaws thiab Tus Thawj Tswm Tsev ntawm nws cov lus tshaj tawm tias nws tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm lub zog thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm nws lub chaw haujlwm, thiab txog thaum nws xa mus rau lawv ib tsab ntawv tshaj tawm mus rau qhov tsis sib xws, Lub hwj chim thiab lub luag hauj lwm yuav tsum tawm los ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Coj los ua Tus Thawj coj.	Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.
Nqe 4.	Section 4.
Thaum twg Tus Lwm Thawj Coj thiab feem ntau ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm pawg saib xyuas haujlwm lossis ntawm lwm lub cev raws li Pawg Neeg Tswj Haujlwm tsab cai tau tshaj tawm, xa mus rau Thawj Tswj Hwm tus huab cua ntawm Cov Thawj Coj thiab Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Neeg sawv cev lawv tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tias Tus Thawj Coj tsis tuaj yeem tso lub hwj chim thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm nws lub chaw haujlwm, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj yuav tsum tam sim ua lub zog thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm Chaw Haujlwm ua Tus Thawj Coj.	Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
Tomqab ntawd, thaum Tus Thawj Pwm Tsav hloov mus rau Thawj Kav Tebchaws uas tau tshaj tawm ntawm lub Senate thiab tus Thawj Tswm Cuam ntawm nws cov lus tshaj tawm tias tsis muaj peev xwm, nws yuav rov muab lub zog thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm nws lub chaw haujlwm tshwj tsis yog Tus Lwm Thawj Coj thiab feem ntau ntawm ib tus cov thawj coj ntawm pab tswj haujlwm lossis cov haujlwm ntawm lwm lub cev raws li Pawg Tswj Hwm tsab cai lij choj muab, xa tawm tsis pub dhau plaub hnub rau Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm cov Thawj Kav Tebchaws thiab Tus Thawj Ntawm Tsev Neeg tsab ntawv tshaj tawm lawv cov lus tshaj tawm tias Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws muaj peev xwm tsis tuaj yeem tso lub hwjchim tawm. thiab tes haujlwm ntawm nws lub hoobkas. Thereupon Congress yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov teebmeem, sib sau ua ke tsis dhau plaub-teev teev rau lub hom phiaj ntawd yog tias tsis muaj sijhawm. Yog tias Congress, tsis pub dhau nees nkaum ib hnub tom qab tau txais tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tom kawg, lossis, yog tias Congress tsis ua haujlwm, tsis pub dhau nees nkaum ib hnub tom qab Lub Rooj Sab Laj xav kom sib sau, txiav txim los ntawm ob feem peb pov npav ntawm ob lub tsev uas tus Thawj Tswj Hwm tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm lub zog thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj yuav tsum tawm mus zoo ib yam li Thawj Coj Thawj Coj; txwv tsis pub, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws yuav tsum rov pib txuas lub zog thiab tes haujlwm ntawm nws lub chaw haujlwm.	Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.
AMENDMENT XXVI	AMENDMENT XXVI
Dhau los ntawm Congress Lub Peb Hlis 23, 1971. Pom zoo Lub Xya Hli 1, 1971.	Passed by Congress March 23, 1971. Ratified July 1, 1971.
Nco tseg: Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv 14, tshooj 2, ntawm Tsab Cai tau raug hloov kho los ntawm tshooj 1 ntawm tshooj 26.	Note: Amendment 14, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by section 1 of the 26th amendment.
Nqe 1.	Section 1.
Txoj cai ntawm cov pej xeem Asmeskas, uas muaj hnub nyoog kaum yim xyoo lossis tshaj saud, mus pov npav xaiv tsa yuav tsis lees paub lossis tsis suav los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas lossis los ntawm Lub Xeev ib zaug vim muaj hnub nyoog.	The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.
Nqe 2.	Section 2.
Cov Congress yuav tsum muaj hwj chim los siv tsab cai no los ntawm kev tsim nyog los tsim cai.	The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
AMENDMENT XXVII	AMENDMENT XXVII
Pib thaum lub Cuaj Hli 25, 1789. Pom zoo Lub Tsib Hlis 7, 1992.	Originally proposed Sept. 25, 1789. Ratified May 7, 1992.
Tsis muaj txoj cai lij choj, hloov pauv cov nyiaj them rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm Cov Neeg Pov Hwm thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev, yuav siv tau, kom txog thaum kev xaiv tsa Cov Neeg Sawv Cev yuav tsum cuam tshuam.	No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.