Latin English Et Constitutionem Americae Civitatibus Foederatis. The Constitution of the United States.

Et Constitutionem Americae Civitatibus Foederatis.	The Constitution of the United States.
Nos autem populus de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, in Ordine formare est magis perfectum Union, constituere iustitiae, post obitum domestica pace, providere communi defensione , promote publicum commodum videt; et secure per Bona libertatis in nobis ac posteris nostris; facere, ordinare episcopum, et et statuam hanc Constitutionem Americae Foederatae Americae.	We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Articulus I.	Article I.
Sectionem. I.	Section. 1.
Potestates omnium legum in hoc datum fuerit , sit in Congresso de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, a quo et ex quo est Senat E et Domus Repraesentantes.	All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Sectionem. II.	Section. 2.
Domus Repraesentantes fuerit et senatores eligent composito omnis populus a anno secundo de pluribus Foederatae Christianissimum ac respective electores inter se in re publica et ad Temperabo non requiritur ad religionis electores de re publica plurimae germen in Coetu legifero.	The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.
Non personam erit in Repraesentativas et non pervenerunt usque ad Age a viginti quinque annis et iam septem annos civis Americae Foederatae, et non quando creati sunt, et per quae sedes in eo res publica in qua fuerit, electi .	No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
Repraesentativis et tributorum fuerit secundum mensuram donationis inter aliquot Americae, quae potest fieri includitur in hoc Union, communiter operantes propria secundum Numbers, qui fuerit constituta per addit ad universum Number omni liberali cultu, inter quos tenetur ad Service ad terminum annorum, Indi excludendi non profiterentur diapente trium reliquorum. E numeratio est ipsa facta fuerit in tribus annis post primam sessionem Congresso de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, et in omni termino post decennium, in tali modo quod legis a se et directe. Quod repraesentativa Domini fuerint, non plures quam una, una omnes ad triginta Mille et inter se super re publica Repraesentativas ad minus unicum habebit, et usque ad enumeratione fuerit factus, rei publicae New Hampshire fuerit, copetit ei habui tria, Massachusetts et octo: Collegii Rhodias Insulae quod est Providentiae Plantationibus unum, Connecticut quinque, Novi Eboraci sex, New Jersey quattuor Pennsylvania octo, Delaware unum, Maryland sex, decem Virginia, Carolina Septentrionalis quinque, quinque South Carolina, et tres Georgia.	Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.
Cum vacaverint accidat Repraesentationem ulla publica auctoritate exsecutiva in re eius modi vacationibus Brevia electionis implere.	When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.
In Camera Repraesentantum et deliget aliumque in aliique officiales et dicente: et faciet enim regum est fedus ex Impeachment.	The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.
Sectionem. III.	Section. 3.
Senatum ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae fuerit composito duorum inter se rei publicae patres conscripti, in Coetu legifero elegit ex eo, sex annis; Senator quilibet habeat unicum suffragium ferre.	The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.
Protinus ut congregarentur in sequelam primi electionem prout aequaliter in tria genera dividentur. Qui sedes ad patres conscripti primae classis fuerit superioris localis in Finito Anno secundo, de secunda classis structuram ecclesiae funditus quarti anni, et tertia classis structuram ecclesiae funditus ex vobis anno sexto, et unam tertiam Maii secundo omnes electi; Si contingat Vakances renuntiatione, vel per aliquem sinum Legiferi civitatis illius exsecutiva temporariam Appointments Legiferi sessionem in crastinum quae modi vacationibus implete.	Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.
Non personam erit qui senator non pervenerunt usque ad triginta annis: et iam novem annos civis Americae Foederatae, et non cum elected: non erit qui habitet in ea re publica ad quam ipse eligetur.	No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.
In Vice Praeses Americae Foederatae erit Praeses Senatus, nisi fuerit non habeant, nisi quod sit ex aequo divisa .	The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.
Senatus et in habui aliis officiariis et a praeside pro tempore, per quae absente Vice Praeses et Praesidis officium exercere quando fuerit in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae.	The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.
Et in senatu et impeticiones omnium regum est fedus experior. Cum sedens ad hoc totum negotium amplissime, qui in Iusiurandum, vel quod affirmatio erit. Cum conatus sit Civitatibus Foederatis Americae Praeses, dux iustitiae et in praesulatum non personam et super hoc convictus fuerit , non concurrentibus ad duas partes ex tribus votis Nativitatis praesens.	The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.
In casu autem Impeachment fuerit non procedant ultra quam ut quis ab officio, quod IMPEDIMENTUM tenere et frui aliqua officium honorem, spera, sive lucrum in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, sed vincentibus quibus conuincantur et tamen obnoxium et subiectum ad Indictment, Tentatio, judicii et puni shment secundum legis.	Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
Sectionem. IV.	Section. 4.
Et tempora, loca et Suffragia pro Senatoribus et Legatis modo tenentes, quae in unaquaque re publica fuerit a Legifero eius nisi forte ad tempus iure Congressum ordinationes huiusmodi desponsatio praeter loca electionem Senatores.	The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators.
Congressum, convocata omni saltem semel in anno, et erit foederis prima die Lunae in December, nisi fuerit ab disponent opera legis alium diem.	The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day.
Sectionem. V.	Section. 5.
Domus erit super Comitia Quilibet iudex est reversus Temperabo a propriis alumnis, et de maioritate, et inter se constituunt, quorum facere Negotia, sed minor numerus tricesimum diem et auctoritatem absentia Membra ministrorum cogat, ita et quaelibet sub poenis domus provideant.	Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Domus determinare potest quisque per regulas sui Edita Consilio, nam punire non subditos membrorum ejus Moribus , et cum concursus duarum ex tribus partibus expello, expellere socius.	Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.
Domus servare inter se et sui Journal Acta et a tempore usque ad tempus publish in eodem excepto quod partes tam Maii in secreto requirere judicii; et in imo et yeas sodales nec aliquam quaestionis domus iuxta voluntatem quinta adstantes in Acta referri.	Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.
Neque Domus, in Congressus Sessione, et sine consensu ad alterum, PROCRASTINO enim plus quam tribus diebus, vel alium in locum T quam quibus cum fuerit sedens duabus domibus.	Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
Sectionem. VI.	Section. 6.
Patres conscripti, et de Repraesentativis et accipies pro Compensation Services, ut diligenter didicit ab Lex et solvit de Treasury of Civitatibus Foederatis Americae. Non in omnibus quam insidiae Felony pace et esto dum ringitur Arrest Sessionem eorum frequentatio domorum et in eundo et redeundo ab eodem vel causam vel in oratione, et pro Domus, ut non sint de aliquo alio loco.	The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.
Quis senator cuive Repraesentativas ejus, quia in tempus quo ipse electus fuerit, ad officium sub civili auctoritati ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, quod fuerit creata sunt, non sunt ejus amplitudinis rei incrementa cepit, durante tali tempore, nec ullus officium personam et tenens in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, erit du Domus, vel ab socius annulum suum ex continuato eo impenderet.	No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.
Sectionem. VII.	Section. 7.
Vectigal super omnes rogationes erigendae domus Repraesentantes reducatur; sed senatu consentientem, ut leges ac rogationibus Animadversiones sicut in aliis.	All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
Bill omnis qui cum transierit, et in senatu et Domus Repraesentantes, et antequam Lex facta est, ad Praesidem Civitatum Foederatarum Americae praesentari voluisti: Si placeat et signis et non revertetur, cum ad quaestionem in qua orti sunt ea quae obiecta publice intrabit in Acta abieritis recogito. Si talis Reconsideration duae curia consenserint fiet Bill non mittantur cum obiecta aliis curia quo item retractari atque approbata duae domum illam et facti sunt legis a. Verum in huiusmodi causis fuerit constituta in Suffragia ambarum ab imo et bismillesimum annum et nomina personarum et pedibus iretur in Bill fuerit ingressus Journal de uniuscuiusque Domus respectively. Si quis Bill non est rediit ad Praeses intra decem diebus (exceptis dominicis) postquam autem ejus allata sunt illi, in Eorum esse legis, perinde ac si quos signatum est, nisi Congressus a Adjournment ne Redi ejus: in quo casu lex non esset.	Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
Omnis Ordinis, Consilium, aut Suffragium de senatu et domus Repraesentantes in motus concursusque gravis quam sit necesse (nisi in quaestione de Adjournment) Praeses et sisti in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae; Eorum autem et antequam ad effectum adducantur, ab eo probatus fuerit, aut displiceat ei, et per duas saltem ex tribus iubet ignis fieri Senatus et Camera Repraesentantum secundum regulas ac limites pr described in Mancini causam in uno Bill.	Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
Sectionem. VIII.	Section. 8.
Congresso de ejus oratione, et potestatem habeo ponendi census, vec Officiis Libri Tres: Excises toriisque et ad solvendum debita et providere communi defensionis prope fortunisque decernere de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae; sed omnes Officiis secundo, erit aequalis sit Excises toriisque et Civitatibus Foederatis Americae;	The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
Mutuari pecuniam ad fidem est in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae;	To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;
Ad Nationes externis apud eundem ordinare Commerce et inter aliquot Americae, et in Indian tribuum,	To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
Ad statuam regula Naturalizantur est uniformis et uniformis in Leges de re Bankruptcies per Civitatum Foederatarum,	To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
Qui communi pecuniam, moderari pretium ejus, et alienum Coin et figere in Latin de mensuris et ponderibus;	To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
Ad providere current et poenis peccatorum mentiens Coin of Securities Civitatibus Foederatis Americae;	To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;
Post Offices et constituere post Viae;	To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
Scientiarum progressus artes promovendum, nam solum est per diversa tempora in authores et inventores scripta sunt siue ius proprium ;	To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
Tribunalibus inferioribus constituere supremum iudicatorium;	To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;
Define ad litora Vene et punire, et felonias factas in altum maria et Offensae contra ius gentium ;	To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;
Ut ascenderent et dimicarent, et dona Letters of Marque Vestige: et faciunt de Rules Captures in terra et aqua ;	To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
Pro parare exercituum non erit usus est pecunia appropriatio longiora biennium ;	To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
Classis indulget atque intendit ad providere;	To provide and maintain a Navy;
Ut Rules de Government observantiaeque ad terrestrem navalemque exercitum,	To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
Militia leges exsecutioni vocans providere Unionis ut compescat tumultus Invasionibus refellere ;	To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
Ad providere organizing, et armari pubem, et disciplinam, in militia et gubernandum tam pars in quod potest usus est in ministerio Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, salvo tamen Foederatae respectively, qui de constituendo cum ministris et de ciborum delectu ad erudiendam pro disciplina militiae iure Congressum,	To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
Exercere exclusive legislatione undique leges ferant, in tali District (non amplius milibus passuum X quadratum) quod potest per Cession singularum civitatum et Definitio acceptionis Congresso: facti sunt ex aedibus Government of Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, et exercitium sicut auctoritati de consensu omnium Legiferi loca publica emitur quam hic enim ponendisque insuper castellis, Magazines, Arsenals Faucibus ipsum antemnas aliaque aedificia necessaria captas	To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;—And
Ut omnes qui ejus leges exsecutioni locus esse necessarium in premissis et ad faciendum propriis Potestates, et omnia alia commissam potestatem hac Constitutione de Government in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, neque in ulla aut Muneris Department ejus.	To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Sectionem. IX.	Section. 9.
Migratio invectio tales cunctis civitatibus quae nunc recolens oportet accipere non prohibetur Congressus priore anno millesimo octingentesimo octo vero census vel onus imponitur huiusmodi invecto, singulis non amplius decem pupa.	The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person.
Ave Verum Corpus Privilegium autem breve non erit suspensus , nisi in casibus in tyrannum insurgitur, sive Incursio de periculo publico non potest requirere.	The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.
Bill Attainder vel ex post facto nulla est Lex et transierint .	No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.
Non capitation vel alia recta, Tax fuerit posita, vel census enumerat nisi eam proportionem habet ad se dirigi in conspectu capta.	No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.
Officium census vel non fuerit posita in omnis rei publicae Articuli exportata.	No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.
Nec dabitur aliqua ordinatione praeferre commercii et proventus in illa rei publicae portum cuiusdam alterius vasis nec debere aut alius rei deberet intrare potest vel alio munere reddere.	No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
Pecunia non fuerit instructa a fiscum transfertur, sed ex eo quod factus est per Appropriations legis; Editio iusto et ratione publicum omnium provinciarum tuarum divulgetur tocius expense et tempus.	No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.
No Title De nobilitate fieri a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae: et nullius personam tenens ullum officium se utilia, et spera in eis fuerit, sine consensu Congressus revisioni, accipere ab aliquo praesenti, Emolument, officium vel Title: De quacumque quod ab ullo rege, principe, aut aliena re publica.	No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State.
Sectionem. X.	Section. 10.
Et mare divisisti ante eos nulla re publica Tractatus, Alliance, et Confoederatio; Epistolae et Vestige Marque concedere; Pecunia numerata; Credit rogationibus emit; sed facere quicquam auri argentique in mollis a Roman Pensiones debitis; transiet de aliquo Attainder Bill: Lex ex post facto, et salva obligatione legis Contractuum Generibus aut quis det de Nobilitatis Titulus.	No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
Civitas sine consensu Congressus ponere Imposts seu munia in importat vel Exports quam quod simpliciter necessarium ad capiendum suus inspectionem leges rete facite omnium officiorum et vectigalium posuit ulla civitas in importat vel exportantur, erit usus ad Treasury of de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae; et omnes leges ejus tale sit emendatio usque ad subiectum et subjiciet Congressus.	No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress.
Nulla re publica fuerit, sine consensu Conventus, ponere aliquam Officium de Tonnage, ut praesidia, sive naves belli in pace, intrabit in aliquo conveniri seu Foedus cum alia publica vel apud alienam potentiam, detinere aut in bello, nisi impetum actu vel in periculo non ut dilationem.	No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.
Articulus. II.	Article. II.
Sectionem. I.	Section. 1.
Potestas exsecutiva Et vestietur per Praeses Americae Foederatae Americae. Et suam habere et officium durante termino quatuor annis, et una cum Vice Praeses eiusdem pro termino elegit, eligendo, ut sequitur	The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows
Quisque rei publicae iusserit proferes, Ita ut in Coetu legifero de eo disponeret et respondeat numero electorum, par totum nurnerum senatorum atque Legatorum quod ad rem publicam ut non competit ei qui interfuerunt Conventui: sed neminem senatorem aut Repraesentativas vel personam tenens est quaestus vel officium spera in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, dictaverit, corde pleno socius Elector.	Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector.
Et Electores; tum civitatum occursum eorum, et sorte suffragio duas personas, quarum altera saltem non est in ipsis quae sedes in eadem re publica. Et facient censuit elencho omnium personarum et numerus suffragiorum singuli; List qui sunt ejus, et notum signum et signatum transmittere ad Sedem Diuina gubernatio Civitatum Foederatarum Praeses dirigi in senatu. Praeses Senatus et in senatu et Domus Repraesentantes ministrat Domino, aperiam omnis Testimonia et PETET CVIVSVE RATIO HABEBITVR tunc potest præ multitudine. Habens per maiorem suffragiorum erit Praeses, si maior pars totius numerus respondeat numero electorum constitutum et si quis plus habent plures, ut parem numerum suffragiorum Domus Repraesentantes tunc statim culti sorte ex illis praeses; et, si non habeat personam Maioritas est, tunc ex quinque in excelsis List dicti Domus suæ, similiter habui Praeside. Sed per electionem Praeside, in capta ab PETET CVIVSVE RATIO HABEBITVR Americae, Repraesentationem in se re publica Suffragium unum habens; A quorum Quo pertinent ad constant et socius, vel Membra duorum tertiae partes ex Americae, de Americae et omnibus Maior pars erit necesse est Electio. Utcumque, post Electionem Praesidis est, personam autem habens maiorem suffragiorum partem obtinuerint, per Electores erit in Vice Praeses. Sed si duo pluresve restant quibus pares, senatum elicimus ex sorte Praeses.	The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner chuse the President. But in chusing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State having one Vote; A quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice President.
Congressu potest determinare tempus electionem Electores et suffragium et die ; quo die idem erit per Iunctus Civitas.	The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.
Nemo est praeter naturalem personam natus est Civis, civis vel Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, a tempore Assumptio huius Constitutionis propositas, esse ingrediuntur ad officium Praesidis ejus; et quis eligi possit, ut neque personam illius Aevum officium quis non pervenerunt usque ad triginta quinque annis, et fuit annis quattuor Residens in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae.	No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.
In casu de remotione a Praeside a officium, vel ab eius morte, renuntiatione, aut imbecillitate dimittere Potestates et Officia dicti officium, Idem illius ad Vice Praeses Congressus potest ex legis providere IN CAUSA de Viris, mors, renuntiatione vel imbecillitate, et ad Praeses et Vice Praeses narrantes quanta fecisset tunc minister agit ut Praeses et minister secundum rationem, vitium prius amoveatur, vel praeses electus fuerit.	In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.
Praeses ejus, statis temporibus vagantur, accipere aliquid pro servitio impenso, a Compensation qui fuerit nec ne , aucta vel diminuta, durante tempore ad quod fuerint electi, et non accipere in periodus alia Emolument ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, nec eorum.	The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be encreased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.
Antequam ipse intrabit in faciendo officium suum, et faciet ut haec Iusiurandum vel affirmationem sequitur: - "Ego enim levavi manum meam (vel dicunt), qui me fideliter officium Praesidis de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, ac vult ut optimus vitae meae facultatem, tueri, protegere et defendere Constitutionem Americae Foederatae ".	Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation: —"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."
Sectionem. II.	Section. 2.
Imperat erit dux Praesidem de Exercitus Navy a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, a pluribus militia et Americae, ubi dicitur Service de re in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae; quod potest requirere opinione, in scripto, in principalem Muneris in se est exsecutiva Dicasteria, super aliqua re institutio, quae ad officia quibus uterque proprium munus, quod ipse habeat potestatem ut det Reprieves et venia Offensae contra Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, nisi in Causae de Impeachment.	The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.
Habebit potentia, cum avisamento et consensu senatus foedus tamen concurrunt duae senatorum aderant; et ipse nominare, et quod cum suffragio et consensu Senatus, ipsique disponent opera legatos, alii publici ministri et consules; Iudices sint suprema Court, aliique officiales ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, cuius institutionis, quae non se habet aliter provisum est et quod statutum fuerit, a legis, nisi per eos qui interfuerunt Conventui legis ut ferrent haec nominatio et quingenorum praefectos, ut visum est, ad Praesidem solum in aula autem legis, et in eos qui supremum tenent Dicasteria.	He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.
Potestas Praesidis replere totum habeat cum videat Vakances recessu senatu dato commissiones quae erit proxima Sessione exspirant exitum.	The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.
Sectionem. III.	Section. 3.
A tempore usque ad tempus eorum et da eos qui interfuerunt Conventui Unionis de re publica ex Information: De mensuris atque in universum commendare disputationi eorum ut sicut ipse judico necessarium et expediens; ut de extraordinariis concionibus ambarum conveniat, aut eorum, et in casu dissensus inter respectu instante comperendinatum, ut dimitteret eos tum visum fuerit; Legatos aliosque publicos Ministros accipiet; vide, ut quod fideliter leges ut supplicium ipse, et omnis De Officialibus Commission et Civitatibus Foederatis Americae.	He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.
Sectionem. IV.	Section. 4.
Et Praeses et Vice Praeses civilis De Officialibus Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, fuerit remotus a officium in accusari, et ex Damnatio: Coniuratio, Sextus Propertius, aut alius princeps et scelera delictorum reddidit.	The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
Capitulum III.	Article III.
Sectionem. I.	Section. 1.
Potestas iudicialis, de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, fuerit in unum suprema Court, et inferior ita ut ab aula ad eos qui interfuerunt Conventui usque ad tempus, et tempus ordinare, constituere. Iudicibus inferioribus curiis tam summum habebit in illis aedibus bonos mores et in stata tempora, accipere meritorum praemium, et non minorabuntur continuato honore fuerunt.	The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
Sectionem. II.	Section. 2.
Potestas iudicialis, qua se extendat ad omnes casus complectitur, Lex et aequitas intervallandi, quae in hac Constitutione et leges in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, ac foederibus facta, seu quae facta fuerit, sub ipsorum auctoritati, ut legati circa undique leges ferant, alii publici ministri consulentibus, ut undique leges ferant de iurisdictione atque orae maritimae Admiralitatis, ut sis Sanctus super Controversies cui Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, ut duobus vel pluribus controversiis inter Americae, - inter cives et a rei publicae alia re publica, inter alia Cives earum Americae, - inter Cives eiusdem Civitatis dicens Grants of Lands in diversis civitatibus, inter res publica, aut sunt cives eius sunt, et in externis civitatibus, cives seu subditis.	The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;—to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;—to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;—to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;—to Controversies between two or more States;— between a State and Citizens of another State,—between Citizens of different States,—between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.
Legati circa undique leges ferant alios Ministros et Consules publicum, et in quibus est rei publicae esse, et partis in suprema Court fuerint in originali Iuris dictionem. In omnibus aliis causis de quibus prius in suprema Court ditione ejus sunt appellat, tum ut et legis hujus facti & per talem exceptionibus et remediis huiusmodi per eos qui interfuerunt Conventui Ordinationibus ut faciam.	In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.
Interrogatio omnium crimina praeter reos delationem eius ex iuratis; et Tentatio ejus tenendum est in re publica, ubi dicti sunt scelus et scelera, sed cum in aliqua re publica, non scelus, in tali Loco aut Locis cum citati fuerint, ad eos qui interfuerunt Conventui ut Lex per quas dirigi.	The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.
Sectionem. III.	Section. 3.
Insidiae in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, faciet adversus illos bellum in tributis imperandis tantum modo, vel hostium in adhaerens ad dans eis auxilium et consolabantur. Personam non fuerit de maiestate damnatus est, nisi in apertam Act duorum hominum testimonium idem est, aut in aperto in confessione Court.	Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.
Congressum habebit potentia poena declarare coniuratio coniuratio non operaberis in corruptione sanguinis Attainder vel rapinae nisi vita personae laesae.	The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.
Articulus. IV.	Article. IV.
Sectionem. I.	Section. 1.
Plena fides et credit fuerit data est in unaquaque re publica publicum in Actus Apostolorum, Records, et ideo iudicium de omnibus aliis rei publicae. Et eos qui interfuerunt Conventui generali, ut in legibus tum modum statuere, quo talia Actus, Records and C. quoniam in igne reuelabitur, et effectus eius.	Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
Sectionem. II.	Section. 2.
Et Cives cuiusque Civitatis privilegiis et pervenit ad omnes maiores nostri in pluribus Americae.	The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.
Et reum in re publica coniuratio felonia vel alio crimine et fugiet iuste invenietur alius status, in exposcentibus potestatis exsecutivae publicam unde fugit tradi, tolli ad rem publicam temporale dominium habenti in crucem sustulit.	A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
Non personam tenuit ad Service et labor in una re publica, in legibus suis de fuga in alia, et per consequens de aliquo Lex seu ordinatione in illa quietus recedet a tali Service aut labor : sed tradetur in Dictum de Doctrina Christiana est Service quo talis aut Labor debeatur.	No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.
Sectionem. III.	Section. 3.
Admisit Americae nova a Congressu potest in hac Unionis; sed nulla nova re publica fuerit, et alia rei publicae iuris administrandi inter ficata immolitave formatae; neque ullam rem publicam esse ab adiunctae formatae ex duabus vel pluribus Americae, partium Americae, de Americae Legislatures sine consensu quorum interest ut etiam Congressus.	New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
Et Congressum habebit potestatem disponendi de omnibus necessariis Rules et ut lex de finibus debitor rem vindicet, non aliter Civitatibus Foederatis Americae; et nihil in Constitutione fuerit, sic interpretantur ut in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae Ionathas ut invidiam aliqua dicta, seu de aliqua re publica maxime.	The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.
Sectionem. IV.	Section. 4.
Civitatibus Foederatis Americae erunt praestent omnibus Unionis publica hoc est rem publicam, quod et se defendat contra invasionem ab illis; et Application De Coetu legifero, aut ab Executive (cum Coetu legifero non possunt convenire), in domesticis vim.	The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened), against domestic Violence.
Articulus. V.	Article. V.
Congressu quoties duae ambarum iudicaverit necessarium proposueritis Animadversiones hanc Constitutionem, aut application Legiferos duas partes singulas civitates vocabis Conventum relationem quae utrobique , erit verum ad omnes intenciones et proposita, in parte huius Constitutionis propositas, si ratam habuerit per Legislatures autem tres conficiunt civitatis per aliquot Americae, aut a Conventibus in tres quartas ejus, ut unus aut alter Modus ratificandae potest propositus per Congressus proclamatur; Nec remedium in quo modo fiat millesimo octingentesimo ante utcunque motum et primum octo quarto nona sectionem primae clausulae in articulo; nec res sine consensu senatus aequo suffragio suo priuentur.	The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate.
Articulus. VI.	Article. VI.
Omnia Debita contracta et intravit in vincula: antequam Assumptio huius Constitutionis propositas, erit verum quod in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae sub hac Constitutione, sicut sub Confoederatio.	All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
Hanc Constitutionem, Leges Civitatum Foederatarum quae fuerit et naues longas quas fecerunt ex eo: et omnia Foedera facta, aut quae facta fuerit, in auctoritati ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, erit suprema Lex est terra; et regni iudicibus in rem publicam omnem fuerit, ita tenetur, si quid in Constitutione sive Leges de re publica aliqua in contrarium non obstantibus.	This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
Quod repraesentativa patres conscripti, et de qua superius dictum est, et membra multa rei publicae Legislatures, exsecutivam et iudicialem et omnibus ministris et aliquot tam in Americae Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, fuerit alligatus aut Iusiurandum quod affirmatio, ut hanc Constitutionem; sed nullus unquam fuerint religionis Test requiri quam veluti novam Hevam proponi ad publicum officium et spera in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae.	The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Articulus. VII.	Article. VII.
Et ratificandae Conventiones de novem Americae, quae satis sint ex institutione hujus inter Constitutionem Americae est quod per idem.	The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
Quod verbum 'est' esse interlined inter septimum et octavum lineas primi Page: The Word "Triginta" partim neglegentia scriptum est in Erazure in decimo quinto linea prima illa, de verbis "enim conatus 'quod interlined inter Page triginta tricesimo secundo primi ultima Verbo "per" quadraginta interlined inter quartum et quadragesimum tertium lineis secundi et.	The Word, "the," being interlined between the seventh and eighth Lines of the first Page, The Word "Thirty" being partly written on an Erazure in the fifteenth Line of the first Page, The Words "is tried" being interlined between the thirty second and thirty third Lines of the first Page and the Word "the" being interlined between the forty third and forty fourth Lines of the second Page.
Testetur Cornelius Secretarius	Attest William Jackson Secretary
fit in conventu ex unanimi consensu Foederatae sisterent decima septima die Septembris, anno Domini mille septingentis octoginta septem et Independance in Americae Foederatae Americae Duodecimo In cuius rei testimonium Habemus parcendo subscripta nostra Nomina ;	done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independance of the United States of America the Twelfth In witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names,
G SAac. Washington: Presidt et inde vicarium Virginia.	G°. Washington: Presidt and deputy from Virginia.
New Hampshire: Ioannes de Langedon, Nicolaus Tacitus	New Hampshire: John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman
Massachusetts: Marcus Gorham, Rex Rufus	Massachusetts: Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King
Connecticut: W: Saml . Cicero, Marcus Sherman	Connecticut: Wm: Saml. Johnson, Roger Sherman
Venetiis: Alexander Hamilton	New York: Alexander Hamilton
New Jersey, Wil: Livy, David Brearly , Wm. Paterson, fili Jonae ; Dayton	New Jersey: Wil: Livingston, David Brearly, Wm. Paterson, Jona: Dayton
Pennsylvania: B. Franklin, Thoma Teubner, Rob . Morris, Geo. Clymer, Tho. FitzSimons , Ingersoll Jared, James Wilson, Gouv Boethius	Pennsylvania: B. Franklin, Thomas Mifflin, Robt. Morris, Geo. Clymer, Thos. FitzSimons, Jared Ingersoll, James Wilson, Gouv Morris
Delaware: Geo: Reade Gunning Bed ' Iun Ioannes Cicero, Richard Quad, Matthias, Jacob : Max	Delaware: Geo: Read, Gunning Bedford jun, John Dickinson, Richard Bassett, Jaco: Broom
Maryland: James McHenry, Dan Sancti Tho. Register, Danl Carroll	Maryland: James McHenry, Dan of St Thos. Jenifer, Danl Carroll
Virginia: Blair-- Ioannes et Iacobus Madison Jr.	Virginia: John Blair--, James Madison Jr.
North Carolina Wm. Blount, Rich . Dobbs Spaight Hu Williamson	North Carolina: Wm. Blount, Richd. Dobbs Spaight, Hu Williamson
South Carolina, J. Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler	South Carolina: J. Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler
Georgia, William pauci: Abr Balduinus	Georgia: William Few, Abr Baldwin
Libellum eget dicens:	The Bill of Rights:
Constitutionalis emendationibus 1-10 quae autem faciunt, non notum est in Bill iurium.	Constitutional Amendments 1-10 make up what is known as The Bill of Rights.
Septembris ad XXV, MDCCLXXXIX et Congresso de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae primum propositus usque ad animadversiones expanse XII Constitutionem. In MDCCLXXXIX felis Congresso de propositis animadversionibus mentio est resolutio Proponamus Sacellum rotundum in in National Archives Museum. Decem propositus XII de propositis animadversionibus sunt ratam habuerit per tribus quadrantibus ad legislatures statu in December XV, 1791. Quod confirmaretur Articuli (Articles 3-12): ex quibus primum X Constitutione animadversiones expanse vel US Bill iurium. In MCMXCII, cum CCIII annis factum est propositus, articuli II confirmavit quod 27 na Emendatione ad Constitutione. Articulus I rata fuit .	On September 25, 1789, the First Congress of the United States proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution. The 1789 Joint Resolution of Congress proposing the amendments is on display in the Rotunda in the National Archives Museum. Ten of the proposed 12 amendments were ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures on December 15, 1791. The ratified Articles (Articles 3–12) constitute the first 10 amendments of the Constitution, or the U.S. Bill of Rights. In 1992, 203 years after it was proposed, Article 2 was ratified as the 27th Amendment to the Constitution. Article 1 was never ratified.
Resolutio Congresso de Translation MDCCLXXXIX felis Episcoporum proposita XII Animadversiones ad US Constitutione	Transcription of the 1789 Joint Resolution of Congress Proposing 12 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution
Congresso de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae initiata et celebrata est in urbe New-York, Mercurii die IV mensis Martii , unus mille et centum octoginta septem novem.	Congress of the United States begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the fourth of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.
De Conventibus plures civitates cum tempore suo usi Constitutione desideravit, ne vocis vel abusus viribus amplius declaratoria et restrictiva articulis adiungi et exporrigi terram in publica fiduciam Government, optimum et ultimum suum optimum maximum in tuto collocaretur ipsa institutione.	THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution.
PLACET a senatu et domus Repraesentantes in Americae Foederatae Americae in Congresso convenerunt, duae tertiae partes et domus, concurrunt, ut in articulis subscriptis rogationem ad populum ferri Legislatures per aliquot Americae, ut animadversiones expanse ad Constitutionem de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, omnia, aut aliqua de quo Articuli, de quo rata habita est in tres conficiunt civitatis dixit ad legislatures, ratum esse ad omnes intenciones et proposita, quam ex parte dicti Constitutione; viz.	RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all, or any of which Articles, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.
Utrum praeter et Constitutionem Americae Foederatae Americae Emendatione: propositus a Congressu ratificata fuerit ab Legislatures et per aliquot Americae, juxta Constitutionem quinto articuli ex originali.	ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth Article of the original Constitution.
Articulus primus ... Post primam enumerationem dictum Constitutionis primae illic erit omne repraesentativum triginta usque ad summam centum numero, ratione fiet regendos Congressus deinde ut erit minus centum legati non minus quadraginta milia omne repraesentativum, donec summam eorum Legatorum ducenti Conventus erit proportio quo regendos ut non minus ducentos legati non plus quinque milia omne repraesentativum.	Article the first... After the first enumeration required by the first article of the Constitution, there shall be one Representative for every thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall be not less than one hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to two hundred; after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives, nor more than one Representative for every fifty thousand persons.
Articulus secundus ... Non legem, patres conscripti, et variis modis tum ultricies ad operas de Camera Repraesentantum, ut ejus effectus, quam electionis est de Repraesentativis et intervenerit.	Article the second... No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
Articulus tertius ... Congresso faciam quod nihil de institutione religionis aut prohibeat aut liberum iurium exercitum ejus panes; minuere aut libertatem aut typis aut populo ius pacifice in locum convenire iubet, et deprecabitur pro remedio Government Sardorum querellis dico.	Article the third... Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Articulus quartus ... A sit recta circularis militiae ad securitatem non opus est libera res publica, ut ius populi atque arma ferre, non potest minui praedicabat.	Article the fourth... A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
... Quintus articulus est ne cuius militis scripti fuerint, tempore pacis erit omnibus in aliqua domo, sine consensu domini, nec tempore belli, sed est modo iure praescripto fieri.	Article the fifth... No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Articulus sextus ... De jure ab secure in suo populo esse, personarum, domiciliorum et libellis et effectus, contra inportunis et rapinae, potest non violare, et sine Warrants et normam, sed ex causa probabili causa et ornatus Iusiurandum affirmationi turn quaerenda describit locum et personas vel capi.	Article the sixth... The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Articuli ... septima non respondere ad tenendum hominem et ad capitis, vel aliter nefandi facinoris protraheret: in presentacione, nisi a iuratis vel accusatio, nisi in casibus, quae in naualibus pedestribusque copiis absumpsit vel in terra, seu in militia, cum periculum in re publica sive ministerium in tempore belli; nec aliquis eiusdem subiacere periculo scandali vel bis in artus nec cogi se in criminali testis non animam eripi libertatem patrimonium parum iuris; rei publicae sumi nec privatim nec pretium justo.	Article the seventh... No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Articulus octavus ... In omnibus actionibus criminalibus et accusatus fuerit frui ius tibi celerem et publico iudicio, in quibus sine iudicum et rei publicae et in regione sunt scelus et scelus, quae ante cognita est a lege ut ejus regionis et informari de ratione causae est quod accusatio; ut haec ei proposita facie eius testibus ad processus necesse habemus obtinendae est in ira oculus meus, et non conveniebat adesse in his consilium defensionis .	Article the eighth... In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
Ad nonum articulum ... In causis in iure civili, in qua valorem vestra plus viginti dollars controversia, ius nullo diligitur salvabitur : et hoc tenes: secus erit si Court de re disseritur in I, Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, quam secundum praecepta in lege communi.	Article the ninth... In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
Articulus decimus ... nimia cautio non oportet neque nimis multae dictae, et quaslibet poenas crudeles.	Article the tenth... Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Articulus undecimus ... et enumeratio in constitutionem alicuius iure non construitur negare aut aliis detrahant tenetur populi.	Article the eleventh... The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
Igitur duodecimi articuli ... et potestates nolite Ipsi autem repleti sunt per Constitutionem Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, nec prohibitus est ab eo Americae, de Americae reservantur, respectively, neque in populo.	Article the twelfth... The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
& MzNaRe	ATTEST,
Friderici Augusti Muhlenberg Speaker de Domus Legatorum Ioannes Adams, Vice-Praeses Americae Foederatae et Praeses Senatus John Beckley, Clericus Camera Repraesentantum. Sam. A Carl Scriba Senatu	Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, Speaker of the House of Representatives John Adams, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate John Beckley, Clerk of the House of Representatives. Sam. A Otis Secretary of the Senate
US libellum eget dicens	The U.S. Bill of Rights
De Praefatio In libellum eget dicens	The Preamble to The Bill of Rights
Congresso de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae initiata et celebrata est in urbe New-York, die Mercurii in quarta Martii , unus mille et centum octoginta septem novem.	Congress of the United States begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the fourth of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.
De Conventibus plures civitates cum tempore suo usi Constitutione desideravit, ne vocis vel abusus viribus amplius declaratoria et restrictiva articulis adiungi et exporrigi terram in publica fiduciam Government, optimum et ultimum suum optimum maximum in tuto collocaretur ipsa institutione.	THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution.
PLACET a senatu et domus Repraesentantes in Americae Foederatae Americae in Congresso convenerunt, duae tertiae partes et domus, concurrunt, ut in articulis subscriptis rogationem ad populum ferri Legislatures per aliquot Americae, ut animadversiones expanse ad Constitutionem de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, omnia, aut aliqua de quo Articuli, de quo rata habita est in tres conficiunt civitatis dixit ad legislatures, ratum esse ad omnes intenciones et proposita, quam ex parte dicti Constitutione; viz.	RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all, or any of which Articles, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.
Utrum praeter et Constitutionem Americae Foederatae Americae Emendatione: propositus a Congressu ratificata fuerit ab Legislatures et per aliquot Americae, juxta Constitutionem quinto articuli ex originali.	ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth Article of the original Constitution.
Nota: Sequens textus est transcriptio prima decem emendationes in Constitutione originali forma. Hi sunt animadvertenda censuerint confirmaretur December XV, MDCCXCI et forma quae est quod per "libellum eget dicens."	Note: The following text is a transcription of the first ten amendments to the Constitution in their original form. These amendments were ratified December 15, 1791, and form what is known as the "Bill of Rights."
ego emendatione	Amendment I
Congresso faciam quod nihil de institutione religionis aut prohibeat aut liberum iurium exercitum ejus panes; minuere aut libertatem aut typis aut populo ius pacifice in locum convenire iubet, et deprecabitur pro remedio Government Sardorum querellis dico.	Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
II emendatione	Amendment II
A rectas circularis militiae ad securitatem non opus est libera res publica, ut ius populi atque arma ferre, non minui praedicabat.	A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
III emendatione	Amendment III
Nemo miles et in omnibus in tempore pacis fieri aliqua domus, sine consensu domini, nec tempore belli, sed est modo iure praescripto fieri.	No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
IV emendatione	Amendment IV
Ius ad tutum personae domos libellis effectus contra inportunis et rapinae, violentur nec Warrants exibunt et probabili causa sustineri juramento affirmatio tum describendo quaereretur locus et personis rebusque capi.	The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
V emendatione	Amendment V
Nullus homo teneatur ad responsum ad caput, aut aliud scelere, nisi in presentacione, et cetera insectatione a iuratis nisi in casibus, quae in terram aut naualibus pedestribusque copiis absumpsit vel in Militia, cum in ipsa servitium tempore aut bellum publicum periculum; nec aliquis eiusdem subiacere periculo scandali vel bis in artus nec cogi se in criminali testis non animam eripi libertatem patrimonium parum iuris; rei publicae sumi nec privatim nec pretium justo.	No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
VI emendatione	Amendment VI
In omnibus criminalibus erant, cum accusatus fuerit frui ius esse tibi celerem et publico iudicio ex aequo iudicum et rei publicae ac regio in quibus et crimen ejus esset, quod regio et fuisse antea poterit per legem, et informari de causam et rationem accusationis ut haec ei proposita facie eius testibus ad processus necesse habemus obtinendae est in ira oculus meus, et non conveniebat adesse in his consilium defensionis .	In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
VII emendatione	Amendment VII
In fine lites in communi lege, in qua valorem in controversia vestra plus quam viginti pupa, in ius nullo diligitur salvabitur : et hoc verificare per patriam, erit aliud re inquisitione ullo Court de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, quam ex communi lege praecepta sunt Domini.	In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
VIII emendatione	Amendment VIII
Nimia cautio non oportet neque nimis multae dictae, et quaslibet poenas crudeles.	Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
IX emendatione	Amendment IX
Et enumeratio in constitutionem alicuius iure non construitur negare aut aliis detrahant tenetur populi.	The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
X emendatione	Amendment X
Et potestates nolite Ipsi autem repleti sunt per Constitutionem Americae Foederatae, nec non prohibitus est ab Americae, de Americae reservantur, respectively, neque in populo.	The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
In Constitutione: Animadversiones 11-27	The Constitution: Amendments 11-27
Constitutionalis emendationibus 1-10 quae autem faciunt, non notum est in Bill iurium. 11-27 Animadversiones quae enumerantur infra.	Constitutional Amendments 1-10 make up what is known as The Bill of Rights. Amendments 11-27 are listed below.
XII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XI
Transierunt per Congresso IV Aprilis, 1794. VII February confirmaretur, MDCCXCV.	Passed by Congress March 4, 1794. Ratified February 7, 1795.
Nota: III: sectione II, in Constitutione impetus molliebatur per Emendatione XI.	Note: Article III, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by amendment 11.
De Vicario iudiciali potestate a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae non potest institui aliqua causa per se extendere ad legis aequitas non est, a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae sive gesta una ab alia re publica Cives earum aut ex civibus et subditis aliqua Aliena res publica .	The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.
XII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XII
Transierunt Congresso in December IX, 1803. confirmaretur June XV, MDCCCIV.	Passed by Congress December 9, 1803. Ratified June 15, 1804.
Nota: hoc pars articuli II, Constitutione sectione I et cum superatur ab Emendatione 12.	Note: A portion of Article II, section 1 of the Constitution was superseded by the 12th amendment.
Electores conuenire sententiam parati sortiri et Praeses et Praeses, quorum tamen non eodem modo se incolam; vocabunt nomen eorum suffragia eo censerent praeses et alia suffragia persona electa Vice Praeses et erunt distincti indices omnium suffragiis praeses et omnes consciverant Vice Praeses et quia quisque ex numero suffragiorum, quae sunt ejus lists et notum signum et signatum ut transmittere sedem imperio in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, quae dirigitur ad Praeses senatus, - Praeses Senatus et in senatu et domus Repraesentantes in conspectu Domini, et tunc illius in circumcisionem reputabitur aperire omnibus certificationum ac votes: - Et homo habens maximum suffragiorum numerum pro Praeses erit Praeses, si talis maioris numeri esse ex toto electorum numero constituit; et si nihil tale homini maioris habeat, et inde ad homines habens in excelsis deo album de numero illorum non tamen ultra triennium, ut voted for Praeses et domus Repraesentantes statim eligere, ex scrutinio, Praeses. At in electione Praesidis, et in civitatibus suffragiorum capta fuerit repraesentativum status inter se voto se habens; a Quorum ad hanc rem constet membris a socius ex duabus vel tribus partibus de civitatibus, de civitatibus cunctis maioris et erit necesse est arbitrium. [ Et si Domus Repraesentantes non eligere Praesidem quotiens ius electionis precipue pertinebit ad ea, antequam in quarta die Martii proximo sequenti, tunc Vice-Praesidis Et faciet iuxta voluntatem Praeside, ut si de morte vel constitutionis ad vitium praeside. -] Quod homo habens * qui maiorem suffragiorum partem obtinuerint, ut Vice Praeses et Vice Praeses erit si sic maioris numeri esse ex toto electorum numero constituit, ac si nullus homo sit maioris habeat, tum ex duobus numeros in excelsis deo album, Vice-Praesidem eligere senatum ejus; quorum non est causa senatores omnes ex duabus partibus et numero maior necesse fuerit electus. Sed nullus homo, ad officium Praesidis ineligible LEGITIME a Vice-Praeses erit qui ingrediuntur ad Civitatibus Foederatis Americae. * Superseded sectionem in III de Emendatione 20.	The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate; -- the President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted; -- The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. [And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. --]* The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. *Superseded by section 3 of the 20th amendment.
XIII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XIII
Transierunt Congresso in January XXXI, 1865. confirmaretur VI Decembris, MDCCCLXV.	Passed by Congress January 31, 1865. Ratified December 6, 1865.
Nota: hoc pars IV, Section II, in Constitutione fuerat superata , ex 13 tia Emendatione.	Note: A portion of Article IV, section 2, of the Constitution was superseded by the 13th amendment.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Nec non voluntariam servitutem servire, nisi cuius pars sceleris poena fuerit legitime convicti , in Iunctus Civitas erit sive pro subditis.	Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum et huic arti culi per leges oportet.	Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
XXVI LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XIV
Transierunt per Congresso Iunii XIII, IX July 1866, ratam habuit, MDCCCLXVIII.	Passed by Congress June 13, 1866. Ratified July 9, 1868.
Nota: supra I, II sectione, in Constitutione impetus molliebatur a s exionem II De Emendatione 14.	Note: Article I, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by section 2 of the 14th amendment.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Omnes homines sine matre sine genealogia naturalised in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, et in jurisdictione eiusdem subiecti, sint ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae civibus et rei publicae in quibus commorantur. Nulla rei publicae facere non imperatorium exeat, et omnem legem, qua et breviare privilegia et immunitates a civibus United States; nec cuiquam homini vitae republica libertatem patrimonium parum iuris; nec quisquam negat infra jurisdictionem e qual iura tueri.	All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Legati non divisit in plures civitates eorum secundum numerum personarum numero computato utroque statu non exceptis Indis tributarium. Sed ubi ius suffragium ad omnem electionem ad arbitrium electorum pro Praeses et Vice-Praeses Civitatum Foederatarum Americae, Repraesentantes, in Congressu exsecutiva et iudiciali duces de re publica aut de sodales Coetu legifero ejus, negavit cuilibet per masculum incolae tantis rei publicae, non viginti et unius anni aetatem, * et civium de civitatibus Foederatis Americae, aut ullo modo abbreviata nisi participatione seditionis, vel sceleris ex repraesentatione `ea, auferetur ab deminutis nostris in tam masculum quam proportio numeri ad numerum civium virorum fortium civium modi annorum viginti unius.	Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age,* and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.
Titulus III.	Section 3.
Nullus homo erit senator aut Repraesentativas in Congressu vel Electoris Praeses et Vice Praeses vel tenere nec honores, magistratus, imperia, sub Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, vel sub aliqua rei publicae, qui te ante constricti iuramento et quasi membrum, de, or as an officer in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, sive ut in domestico contubernio cuiuslibet rei publicae concilium, non ut in exsecutivam et iudicialem indicto loci ex aliqua rei publicae, qui curet Constitutionem de Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, et quae versantur in seditionem et discordiam in eandem uel exhortatione vel hostibus suis. Sed Conventus per suffragium totius successionis bessem competere potest cuiusque Domus, vitium removere talia.	No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.
Titulus IV.	Section 4.
Ad validitatem publico debitum ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, ab auctoritate iuris, inter solucionis debita propter seditionem quandam factam vel ex eis sortes et muneribus et officiis ad opprimendam seditionis, non inquisituri sint de illo . Sed nec ulla res publica nec Civitatibus Foederatis Americae nulla sibi vindicet, et redde debitum aut officium aut in auxilium seditionum auctores seditionis aut in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, nec ulla calumpnia ex aliqua libertas seu damnum propter servum; sed omnibus huiusmodi debitis, obligationes et actiones ejus, et contra legem vacui habendi.	The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.
V sectionem.	Section 5.
Congressu condendi potestatem habeant, opportunis legibus praescripta volutpat.	The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.
26 sectione I De Emendatione * mutatum.	*Changed by section 1 of the 26th amendment.
XV LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XV
Transierunt per Congresso February XXVI, 1869. confirmaretur February III, MDCCCLXX.	Passed by Congress February 26, 1869. Ratified February 3, 1870.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
In Civitatibus Foederatis Americae est a civibus ius suffragium non denegetur nec imminutum a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae aut aliquo rei publicae ob autem genus, color, sive conditio est prior servitude--	The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude--
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum hoc articulo per leges oportet.	The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
XVI LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XVI
Transierunt per Congresso Iulii II, 1909, ratam habuit February III, MCMXIII.	Passed by Congress July 2, 1909. Ratified February 3, 1913.
Nota: articuli Primus, section IX, ex Constitutione impetus molliebatur per Emendatione XVI.	Note: Article I, section 9, of the Constitution was modified by amendment 16.
Potestatem habeo ponendi vectigalia colligere Congressu prouentus, undecunque sit, nec dividendo singula per civitates sine ulla ratione et numero numeravit.	The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
XVII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XVII
Transierunt Congresso in May XIII, 1912, ratam habuit April VIII, MCMXIII.	Passed by Congress May 13, 1912. Ratified April 8, 1913.
Nota: supra I, III sectione, per Constitutionem impetus molliebatur per 17 Emendatione.	Note: Article I, section 3, of the Constitution was modified by the 17th amendment.
Senatum ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae fuerit composito duorum inter se rei publicae patres conscripti, neque populi iussu eius sex annis; et senator unus erit omnium suffragium se. Electores inter se rem publicam habere spectante ad ingenii qualitatem et requisitis in genere agunt celeberrimo virorum electorum de re publica legislatures.	The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.
Cum lectionem uerecundia uictus factum est in specie rei alicujus rei publicae et in senatu et exsecutivam auctoritate talis rei publicae et normam brevium comitia deinde modi vacationibus, dummodo, quod ad concilium de aliqua re publica, potest etiam per exsecutiva eius ad tempus instituta ad populum satiata lectionem uerecundia uictus per electionem, ut dirigat in concilium.	When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.
Emendatione Et hoc non potest institui debet notam habebit et afficit, et electionem et electi ante terminum unicuivis ex patribus geras valet quod fit ex parte huius Constitutionis praeceptis ditescit.	This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.
XVIII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XVIII
Transierunt Congresso Decembris a XVIII, 1917. confirmaretur January XVI, 1919. rogarentur abrogarenturue curare decuit ab Emendatione XXI.	Passed by Congress December 18, 1917. Ratified January 16, 1919. Repealed by amendment 21.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Qui post annum ex Hispania rediit huius articuli exercendis armorum venditionem, seu translationem de liquoribus in inebrians, et inde in invectio, exportari liceret quæque obtuleritis ex decimis vel immediate subiecto commorantibus et omnibus in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae jurisdictione eiusdem spectantibus ad potum proposita est, hoc prohibitus .	After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Et aliquot simul Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum hoc articulo per Americae et leges oportet.	The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Titulus III.	Section 3.
Hoc articulus erit nihil operatur nisi hoc fuerit rata sunt quam in Emendatione ad legislatures per Constitutionem Americae de pluribus, sicut provisum est, in Constitutione, intus annis septem a date de deditionem ad Civitatum Foederatarum Congressus sententiae fecerint amoueri.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
XIX LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XIX
Transierunt Congresso in June IV, 1919. rata habita August XVIII, MCMXX.	Passed by Congress June 4, 1919. Ratified August 18, 1920.
In Civitatibus Foederatis Americae est a civibus ius suffragium non denegetur nec imminutum a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, vel ab aliqua re publica propter sexum.	The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.
Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum hoc articulo per congruas leges ejus.	Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
EMENDATIO X	AMENDMENT XX
Transierunt per Congresso Martii II, 1932, ratam habuit Ianuarii XXIII, MCMXXXIII.	Passed by Congress March 2, 1932. Ratified January 23, 1933.
Nota: supra I, IV sectione, in Constitutione impetus molliebatur in II de hac sectione Emendatione. Insuper autem utensilia portaverunt ad 12 Emendatione fuerat superata a sectione III.	Note: Article I, section 4, of the Constitution was modified by section 2 of this amendment. In addition, a portion of the 12th amendment was superseded by section 3.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Quod termini Praeses et Vice Praeses ejus terminus ad meridiem a die 20 Ianuarii, et termini patres conscripti et Legatis a meridie in 3D Kalendarum Februariarum, ab anno in qua huiusmodi termini esset finita, si hoc articulus erant non confirmaretur ; incipe et successores terminorum.	The terms of the President and the Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Saltem semel in anno, omnes armati ad eos qui interfuerunt Conventui ejus: incipiam testimonii et meridie in 3D die Ianuarii, nisi et constitue ex lege alium diem.	The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
Titulus III.	Section 3.
Quod si ad tempus terminum et principium et Praeses et Praesidis ut magnalia enarrent mortuus est, Vice Praeses Praeses fiet ut magnalia enarrent. Si non fuerit a praeside tempus pro principio suae praeordinatis vel eros caruerunt praeside Electus igitur Praeses electus praeses erit usque praeses quid agat; Congressus per ius providendi causa, nec Praeses electus vel Praeses electus fuerit idoneus pronuntiasset qui agito praeses vel modum qui actu sumentur, et idcirco Praeses vel Vice Praesidem et ad hoc modo agendum sit qualified habent.	If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
Titulus IV.	Section 4.
Congressus acquiescat, ut ex iure providere casu de morte ad homines a quibus ad Domus Repraesentantes potest eligere Praesidem quotiens ius electionis et qui devolutus esset ad illos, nam si in morte et homines Vice Praesidem eligere potest a quo ad senatum arbitrium ejus quotiens ius habere super se deuolutum uisus est uendicare.	The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
V sectionem.	Section 5.
Et tollet effectum in II I Sections et sequenti die 15 Octobris huius articuli ex Hispania rediit.	Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.
SECTIO VI.	Section 6.
Hoc articulus erit nihil operatur nisi hoc fuerit rata sunt quam in Emendatione ad legislatures per Constitutionem de tribus quadrantibus a pluribus annis a tempore ad Americae intra septem obediens gauderet exerceri.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.
XXI LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXI
Transierunt per Congresso February XX, 1933, ratam habuit December V, MCMXXXIII.	Passed by Congress February 20, 1933. Ratified December 5, 1933.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
OCTAVA est articulus Emendatione ad Civitatum Foederatarum Constitutione est abrogantur .	The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Et invectio translationem in omnibus civitatibus, terris, sive possessio ad partum et Civitatibus Foederatis Americae usu velis super eos regem et ebriamen liquoribus odoratis contra est leges ejus ostende, istis suffici nugantur prohibitus .	The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
Titulus III.	Section 3.
Hoc articulus erit nihil operatur nisi hoc fuerit rata sunt quam Emendatione est ad Constitutionem Americae a conventibus de pluribus, sicut provisum est, in Constitutione, intus annis septem a date de deditionem ad Civitatum Foederatarum Congressus sententiae fecerint amoueri.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
XXII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXII
Transierunt per Congresso XXI Martii, 1947, ratam habuit February XXVII, MCMLI.	Passed by Congress March 21, 1947. Ratified February 27, 1951.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Nullus homo fuerit creatus est ad officium de Praesidem plus quam bis, et non est qui tenuit ad officium Praesidis, vel egisse credendum est Praesidis, pro plus quam duos annos ad terminum ad quem alia persona was elected praeses electus fuerit Praesidis munus in magis quam semel. Sed huius articuli non applicare ad hominem tenens officium Praesidis cum huius articuli sunt mota a Congressu et non ne quis qui potest tenens officium Praesidis vel agens pro Praeses in terminus in quo hujus articuli fit agens, vel Praesidis et Praesidis munus in testamentum ab tenentes in reliquo talem terminum.	No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Hoc articulus erit nihil operatur nisi hoc fuerit rata sunt quam in Emendatione ad legislatures per Constitutionem de tribus quadrantibus a pluribus annis septem a intus Foederatae Americae ad diem sui subiecti fuerunt Salomoni per Congresso.	This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the Congress.
XXIII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXIII
Transierunt Congresso a June XVI, 1960. confirmaretur March XXIX, MCMLXI.	Passed by Congress June 16, 1960. Ratified March 29, 1961.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Et ita effici District sedem Government of the United States Congressui constituent in tali modo ut dirigat:	The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:
Praesidis electorum numero toti Praeses Congressus Repraesentantes in senatores plures quam si competeret Nullam publicam quam minus frequens in eventum rei publicae non erit praeter constituit eos per Americae, sed potest considerari et ad Praesidis electionem proposita et Vice Praeses rem publicam esse ab electoribus constituit; et conveniant in District ac praestare quae pro tribunali agenda provisum est a xii articulum de Emendatione.	A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum hoc articulo per congruas leges ejus.	The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
XXIV LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXIV
Transierunt per Congresso XXVII Septembris, 1962, ratam habuit Ianuarii XXIII, MCMLXIV.	Passed by Congress August 27, 1962. Ratified January 23, 1964.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Ius civium in Iunctus Civitas ad suffragium in omnibus prima vel electionis pro Praeses aut Vice Praeses de electoribus pro Praeses aut Vice Praeses vel senator aut Repraesentativas in Congressu, non denegetur nec imminutum a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae nec ulla rem publicam ex causa de defectum aliquem reddere tributum vel censum egisse.	The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum hoc articulo per congruas leges ejus.	The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
XXV LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXV
Transierunt per Congresso July VI, 1965, ratam habuit X Februarii, MCMLXVII.	Passed by Congress July 6, 1965. Ratified February 10, 1967.
Nota: supra II, I sectione, per Constitutionem affectus per 25 Emendatione.	Note: Article II, section 1, of the Constitution was affected by the 25th amendment.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
In casu de officio praesidis vel per remotionem ejus, mors, sive Renuntiatio, Praeses et Vice Praeses et facti sunt.	In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Vacante ubi non est de officio Vice Praeses et Praeses et Vice Praeses dictatorem creandum et ad munus ejus confirmationis accipere per majorem suffragiorum partem eliget adhuc possidebuntur domus et ex apostolica vaticana.	Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.
Titulus III.	Section 3.
Cum Praeside transmittit ad Praesidem pro tempore in senatu et Speaker de Domus Legatorum suo scriptum declarationem et defecerit in solucione et potestatibus, et munia obeunda, quam transmittit ad eos declarationem scriptam, in contra, et potestates tam per munia functus est Vice Praeses et Praesidis Ars notata est.	Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.
Titulus IV.	Section 4.
Cum ad Vice Praeses ac pars maior aut ducum conuocatis ad exsecutiva departments vel talis alias corpore, ut Congresso ut lege providere, non transfundit in Praesidem pro tempore in senatu et Speaker de Domus Legatorum suorum enim declarationem quod Praeses nequit ut exigit regis officium suis munia, et potestates, et potestates super Vice Praeses et statim sumere munia in quod agere officium Praesidis.	Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
Hinc, ubi Praeses transmittit ad Praesidem pro tempore in senatu et Speaker de Domus Legatorum suo scriptum declarationem est non defectum existat, et yero potestatis et administrationis utitur rebus nisi Vice Praeses ac pars maior aut primisque executivae hac vel alia corporis Congressu potest iure providere transmittunt in quadriduo Praesidem pro tempore senatus dicente Domus Repraesentantes scriptis denuntiaret praeses potest dimittere potestates et turpiter administrationis utitur rebus. Congressus enim desuper decernere conveniunt nisi in viginti octo horis idcirco censeat. Si Congressus revisioni, intra viginti unum dies post recepcionem haec scripta declarationem vel si Congresso est in session, intra viginti unum dies post Congressus requiritur ad se convenire iubet, decernit per duas ex tribus suffragiorum partibus ex utraque Adhuc possidebuntur domus, qui Praesidis et vires ad officii sui munia obire non sit in Vice Praeses et Praesidis permanere idem facimus, ut Ars notata; aliter Praeses yero et potestatem officii sui munia.	Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.
XXVI LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXVI
Transierunt per Congresso March XXIII, July 1971, ratam habuit I, MCMLXXI.	Passed by Congress March 23, 1971. Ratified July 1, 1971.
Nota: na Emendatione XIV, sectione II, in Constitutione impetus molliebatur 26 sectione I De Emendatione.	Note: Amendment 14, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by section 1 of the 26th amendment.
I sectionem.	Section 1.
Ius civium ex Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, qui sunt decem et octo annis vel senior et imminutum a voto non potest quin aut aliqua re publica a Civitatibus Foederatis Americae, vel propter aetatem.	The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.
SECTIO II.	Section 2.
Congressum habebit potentia ad exigendum hoc articulo per congruas leges ejus.	The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
XXVII LENIMENTUM	AMENDMENT XXVII
Primum propositus June XXV, 1789. VII Maii confirmaretur, MCMXCII.	Originally proposed Sept. 25, 1789. Ratified May 7, 1992.
Nulla lege, patres conscripti, et variis modis tum ultricies ad operas de Camera Repraesentantum, ut ejus effectus, quam electionis est de Repraesentativis et intervenerit.	No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.